文档介绍：英语语音基础知识
1字母:语言的书写形式。元音字母a, e, i(y), o, u,
2音标:词的语音形式。
3音素:音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素,分为元音音素和辅音音素两大类。其中元音音素20个,辅音音素28个。
元音:发音时声带振动,呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍,这样形成的语音称作元音。元音发音响亮,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20个元音。
辅音:不论声带振动与否,发声时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定阻碍,这样的语音称为辅音。辅音发音不响亮,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28个辅音。(其中包括[ts]、[dz]、[tr]、[dr]) 。
4音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。ap'ple, stu'dent, tea'cher,
5开音节:a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name, bike ; b) 辅音+元音 he, go, hi
6闭音节:a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad, , sit, hot, cup; b)元音+辅音it
7重读音节:单词中发音特别响亮的音节。
二. 元音:
[i:]
he, see
[i]
sit, miss
[e]
bed, desk, head
[æ]
bad,back pack
[a:]
fast, class, plant
[ɔ]
hot, want
[ɔ:]
door, sport, warm, bought
[u:]
good, who, blue, soup
[u]
look, put, women, could
[∧]
cup, come, but
[ә:]
girl, work, nurse
[ә]
ago, forget, dollar, doctor
[ei]
cake, they, play, eight, great
[ai]
bike, light, try, find, height, eye
[әu]
phone, cold, know
[au]
house, how
[ɔi]
boy, toy
[iә]
dear, idea, here
[εә]
pear, there, hair
[uә]
tour, poor
三. 容易混淆的元音
1)[e] [æ] bed --bad men-- man pen--pan
2)[i:] [ei] greet--great read-- raid (袭击)
3)[e] [ai] red --write said --side
4)[au] [ɔ:] house—horse
5)[au] [∧] about-but
四. 辅音
[p]
pen, park
[b]
bed, big
[t]
tell, student
[d]
day, played, wanted
[k]
cold, quick, back
[g]
big, go, language
[m]
man, milk
[n]
nine, autumn
[η]
bank, uncle, English, sing,
[r]
read, write,