文档介绍：该【非谓语动词一览表 】是由【文艺人生】上传分享，文档一共【39】页，该文档可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【非谓语动词一览表 】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。非谓语动词一览表
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非谓语动词一览表
非谓语动词
主动式
被动式
可充当的句子成分
动词不定式
to do
to be done
主语
宾语
表语
定语
补语
状语
插入语
to be doing
/
to have done
to have been done
to have been doing
/
动名词
doing
being done
主语
宾语
表语
定语
having done
having been done
现在分词
doing
being done
表语
定语
补语
状语
插入语
having done
having been done
过去分词
done
动词不定式的基本用法：
一. 语法功能: 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的
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5. Whether to go or stay is not known.
6. It is important to study English well and go to college.
7. It is our duty to give a hand to people in trouble.
8. It takes me three hours to do house cleaning on Sundays.
9. To master a foreign language is very important。
=It is very important to master a foreign language.
【总结归纳】不定式作主语，用It代替主语，而把不定式后置，常见句型：
It is + adj. (important, possible, impossible, necessary, hard, difficult, easy,
strange, natural,…) + (for sb.) to do sth.
It is + adj. ( honest, brave, foolish, clever, careful, kind, wise, careless, good, nice, silly, stupid, impolite…) +(of sb.) to do sth.
eg: It is quite necessary for us to learn English well.
It was very brave of you to jump into the river to save the girl.
In fact, it is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.
It is kind of you to help me. = You are kind to help me .
It was foolish of you to believe him.
= Ii is foolish of you to have believed him
right, wrong既可用于for sb. to do sth. 也可用于of sb. to do sth.
eg. It’s right/wrong for / of him to do the work alone.
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2． It is + n. (a pity, a pleasure, one’s duty, a shame) + to do sth.
eg. It’s my duty to teach you how to be a student of Middle School.
3．It takes/needs/requires + some time (hours, days, patience…) + to do sth.
eg: It requires patience to learn English well.
4 . It made sb. + adj. (excited, frightened , angry ) + to do sth.
eg: It made me delighted to have been invited to give you a speech here.
II. 作表语：
当句子的主语是aim, idea, policy, question, suggestion, wish, task, duty, job, purpose等或者主语是what引导的名词性从句时，后面可以用不定式做表语，用以说明主语所包含内容。例如：
1. Our most important task now is to make a plan.
2. What I would suggest is to start work at once.
3. At that time his job was to write reports for the newspaper.
4. The problems remain to be unsettled.
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5. His father’s task is to raise pigs and goats.
6. My question is when to start the work.
7. The problem is whether to buy a bigger computer.
8. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, not to make it more difficult.
9. ① All that we have to do is（to）practice speaking English every day.
② What we have to do is（to）practice speaking English every day.
III. 作宾语
1. Do you agree to lend him 200 yuan to buy a birthday’s gift?
2. They managed to pass the driving test.
3. We determine to study English harder than before.
4. I don’t know what to do next.
5. He refused to accept the present.
6. He tried to avoid answering my questions.
7. The cat said “Remember not to take it next time!”.
【总结归纳】
1）只可以接不定式作宾语的动词很多，常见的有：hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, afford, expect, ___________________________________________________________etc.
2) Eg. We have no choice but to wait.
Cf. We can do nothing but wait.
3) 用it作形式宾语,宾语补足语后置，find, think, consider, believe, feel, make + it + adj. / n. + to do sth.
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eg: I find it very interesting to talk with you.
Do you think it a pity to miss a wonderful film?
Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.
IV. 宾语补足语 在SVOC句型中，许多动词都可以跟不定式作宾语补足语。
eg: You should get them to help you
Jim told me to give his best wishes to everyone here.
Parents want their children to develop fully.
Please ask John not to turn off the air-condition.
He encouraged me to talk to him in English.
They are allowed to talk in the classroom after class.
He often made his workers work 10 hours a day, but recently he has been made to reduce the worhing hour.
【总结归纳】
1) 通常作宾语补语的不定式要带to，常用于以下动词和动词词组之后： want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, cause, force, invite, warn, forbid, get, vote for, call on, count on, rely on, depend on, long for, wait for 等。
但在谓语动词believe, find, think, feel, consider, suppose, imagine, prove等后面常跟to be…作宾补，也可省略 to be.
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eg. They believe him (to be ) honest.
I find her (to be ) humorous.
You can’t imagine them (to be ) careful and interesting.
2) 以下两类动词后跟不定式作宾补时不能带to ( 但变为被动语态时要加 to )
①一些表示“致使”意义的动词， 即let, have, make；
②一些表示“感觉”的动词，五看两听一感觉(listen to, watch, observe, notice, look at , see, hear, listento, feel.)
Eg: Don’t let the children trouble you.
I heard someone open the door.
Someone was heard to open the door.
His father made him go to bed early.
He was made to go to bed by his father.
3) help 后to 带不带都可以。
Eg: He often helps (to) do some housework at home.
He helped an old man ( to ) walk across the street.
V. 作定语 不定式可以在句子充当后置定语，修饰名词或代词。
1). 动词不定式作定语，与所修饰名词有动宾关系：
I have a meeting to attend. He found a good house
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to live in.
The child has nothing to worry about. She has a child to take care of.
It seems that he has no pen to write with. I have a lot to talk about with you.
区别：Have you got anything to send? Have you got anything to be sent?
Exx.
He has many letters __________( write).
He is looking for a large room ________________( live ) in.
Please give me a piece of paper ________________ ( write ) on.
Please give me a pen ____________________ ( write ) with.
I want to buy a knife _________________ ( cut ) apples with.
①Everyone had an application form in his hand, but no one knew which office _____. A. to send it to B. to send it C. to be sent to D. to have it sent
②— I would like to buy an expensive camera.
— Well. We have several models _____.
  A. to choose from B. to choose C. to be chosen D. for choosing
③ I am going to Beijing next week. Do you have anything ___ to your son?
A. taken B. to take C. to be taken D. take
2). He has no money and no place to live ( in ).
The Central Park is a good place for people to rest and relax ( in ).
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I have no time to write to you ( in ).
Spring is a good season to go travelling ( in ).
I have no way to solve the problem ( in ).
若不定式修饰的名词是place, time, way， 不定式后的介词常省略。
3). I will go to Nanjing. Do you have anything to be taken there?
Cf: I will go to Nanjing with you. Do you have anything to take there?
I have no more letters to be can go home now.
Cf: I have no more letters to type. I can go home now.
4).被修饰名词前有序数词，形容词最高级修饰：
Edison was the first scientist to build a modern research and development center.
He is always the first to come and the last to leave .
Madame Curie was the first woman in the world to win two Nobel Prizes.
He is the only person in the office to be invited to the ball.
She was the only person to survive after the earthquake.
5). There is no need to worry about me.
There is nothing to do / to be done now.
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