文档介绍：1泌尿系统 The Urinary System 2 第一节概述一、泌尿系统的组成和功能 (一)泌尿系统的组成肾( kidney) 输尿管( ureter ) 膀胱(urinary bladder/bladder) 尿道(urethra) 345 (二)泌尿系统(肾)的功能⒈ excrete nitrogenous wastes, such as urea, uric acid, creatinine and ammonium. 排泄废物。 6 2. maintain blood volume, regulate position, monitor blood pH. 维持内环境稳定及酸碱平衡。 7 3. secrete the renin that helps maintain blood pressure, and secrete the growth factor erythropoietin that stimulates red blood cell production. 分泌肾素、促红细胞生成素等生物活性物质。 8 二、排泄的概念和排泄途径排泄( Excretion ) : 机体将代谢的终产物和多余或不需要的物质经血液循环通过某些器官排出体外的过程。 9 排泄途径( Excretion pathway): The kidneys, which excrete nitrogenous wastes, are the primary ans, but ans also function in excretion: the skin excretes water and salts in sweat; the lungs excrete carbon dioxide as a gas; and the liver excretes bile pigments e from the breakdown of hemoglobin by way of the intestine.---------------- 肾、皮肤、肺、消化器官。 10 第二节泌尿器官的结构与功能一、肾( kidney ) (一)肾的位置、形态、被膜和大体结构