文档介绍：试析制约我国农民收入增长的制度因素及对策
摘要:为实现全面建设小康社会的目标,2003年以来中央政府出台了一系列增加农民收入的政策,目前已取得了一定的成效。但由于当前我国还存在着一些与此目标不一致的制度性缺陷,农业和农村发展中还存在着许多矛盾和问题,导致农民实际收入水平仍然偏低。全国农民人均纯收入连续多年增长缓慢,粮食主产区农民收入增长幅度更远低于全,许多纯农户的收入持续徘徊甚至下降,城乡居民收入差距仍在不断扩大。因此,我们必须继续进行改革,加大公共财政投入、打破城乡二元社会结构体制、完善社会保障体系,建立起促进农民收入增长的长效机制。
关键词:农民;增收;减负;制约因素;实现途径
The Analysis of Increase the Chinese Peasantry e Institutional Factors and Countermeasure
Student majoring in sociology Feng Mingtao
Tutor Zhu Ming
Abstract: Since 2003, the Chinese government has carried out of a series of policies in order to increase the peasantry e for the goal of constructing the affluent society. The efforts ing to fruition. But there still exist much institutional deficiency contravening the national aim currently in society. And in developing agriculture and countryside, a mass of problems and inconsistencies are of prominence. The e of peasants increases slowly for many years. In particular, the extent of peasantry e growth in main grain-producing area (MGP area) is far blow the national average level. Many pure peasantry e remains, even descends. The Rural-Urban e Inequality expands. Therefore, we must continue reforming, enlargement public finance devotion, break the dual Rural-Urban structure in China, improving the social insurance system, and establishing the prospective system of peasantry e.
Key words: peasants; e growth; reduction of peasantry burden; conditional factors; ways of
realization
引言
党的十六大报告明确指出:“统筹城乡经济社会发展,建设现代农业,发展农村经济,增加农民收入,是全面建设小康社会的重大任务”。从我国实际情况来看,实现全面建设小康社会的宏伟目标,最繁重、最艰巨的任务在农村。没有农民的小康,就没有全国人民的小康;没有农村的现代化,就没有国家的现代化。小康社会的根本标志是人均GDP不低于3000美元,农村居民人均年纯收入在8000元以上。[1]而目前我国农村的实际情况与具体要求之间还具有相当的距离。如何解决农民收入增长缓慢问题,保证粮食主产区农民既增产又增收,加快农业剩余劳动力转移,从而实现工业化和城市化的同步协调发展,建立增加农民收入的长效机制,已成为我国经济运行中值得关注的重要问题。本文在分析我国农民收入增长现状的基础上,着重考察制约我国农民收入增长的制度性因素。
一、文献回顾
随着社会注意新农村建设在全国范围内的开展,学者门对农民收入增长缓慢现象又重新高度重视。很多学者从经济学的曾面对影响浓密收入增长的因素记性解读,探讨现阶段影响农民收入增长存在的问题。例如,郭影,赵小龙分析了制约农民增收的因素:农民整体素质较低,子女多、负担重,农业生产规模较小等方面导致我国农民收入长期处于偏低的状态,城乡收入差距不断加大,对我们小康目标的实现与