文档介绍：裘德悲剧探析
Analysis of the Tragedy of Jude
摘要
作为跨越十九、二十世纪的伟大作家兼诗人,托马斯·哈代以其名著《还乡》、《卡斯特桥市长》、《德伯家的苔丝》、《无名的裘德》等为广大读者熟知。他的这些作品也受到了评论界的极大关注。
哈代的最出色的作品都列入了“性格与环境小说”,阅读这类小说给人以这样的印象:人类似乎永远都受制于命运,时空的重负压在他们的肩上,而更重要的是人们的生活总被一种神秘的力量控制着。《无名的裘德》无疑是哈代创作的最高峰。小说通过男主人公范立·裘德的事业和婚姻生活,描述了下层青年裘德孤苦不幸的一生。裘德一生充满痛苦,因为这个世界压抑他的自然本性,他的美好愿望难以实现。它表现了人们理想生活与现实生活之间的巨大反差,从而揭示生活的悲剧性。
本文旨在研讨哈代对人类悲剧命运真正原因的探寻。本文除介绍和结尾外,主要分三部分:第一部分:关于裘德悲剧的个人限制,人受自身弱点的束缚。第二部分:分析裘德悲剧的社会原因,人同无情和僵化的社会发生冲突。除此以外,裘德悲剧还在于理想与现实之间的矛盾冲突。这是第三部分的关注之处。
基于上述分析本文得出结论:裘德悲剧的原因在于个人条件限制;环境和世俗的影响;理想与现实之间的矛盾。
关键词: 托马斯·哈代; 悲剧;冲突;无名的裘德
Abstract
Thomas Hardy, the great writer and poet of the eenth and twentieth centuries, has been well known to the readers for his masterpiece The Return of the Native,The Mayor of Casterbridge,Tess of the D’Urbervilles and Jude the Obscure. The critics have also focused their attention on these books of his.
The most outstanding category of Hardy’s novels belongs to that of “the Novels of Character and Environment”. The reading of these novels gives us the impression that men never seems to be free: the weight of time and place presses heavily on him, and above everything, there are mysterious forces that control his life. Jude the Obscure was no doubt one of the peaks in Hardy’s artistic creation. It depicts the lonely and miserable life of the lower class youth Jude through the intellectual and marital life of Jude Fawley, the hero in the novel. The life of Jude is filled with pains and sufferings because his natural instinct is suppressed by society and his aspiration stands no chance of fulfillment. It reveals the tragedy of human existence by presenting the great contrast between the ideal life and the actual.
The paper treats of Hardy’s exploration of the real causes of human tragedy in this masterpiece Jude the Obscure. It consists of three major parts besides the introduction and conclusion. Part One is about the personal limitations of Jude’s tragic life: man is bowed by many fallible elements.