文档介绍：受迫振动的研究
摘要: 振动是自然界中最常见的运动形式之一,由受迫振动引发的共振现象在日常生活和工程技术中极为普遍。它既有实用价值,也有破坏作用。表征受迫振动性质的是受迫振动的幅频和相频特性。本实验采用玻耳共振仪定量测定了阻尼振动的振幅比值,绘制了受迫振动的幅频特性和相频特性曲线,并分析了阻尼对振动的影响以及受迫振动的幅频特性和相频特性。实验中利用了频闪法来测定动态的物理量——相位差,这是本实验的一大精妙之处。
关键词: 受迫振动;共振;幅频和相频特性;阻尼;频闪法
The Research of Forced Vibration
Abstract: Vibration is one of the mon forms of motion in nature. The resonance phenomenon triggered by forced vibration is very general in our daily life and in engineering technology. It has both the utility value and destructive effect. The features of forced vibration are the phase-frequency characteristic and the magnitude-frequency characteristic. The experiment quantificationally measured the amplitude ratio of forced vibration and drawn curves of the phase-frequency characteristic and the magnitude-frequency characteristic by using the Bohr resonance instrument. Moreover, it analyzed the effect of damping on vibration and the characteristics of phase-frequency and magnitude-frequency. The stroboscopic method was used to measure the phase difference, which is ingenious.
Key words: forced vibration; resonance; the characteristics of phase-frequency and magnitude-frequency; damping; stroboscopic method
振动是自然界中最常见的运动形式之一,由受迫振动引发的共振现象在日常生活和工程技术中极为普遍。共振现象在许多领域有着广泛的应用,例如,众多电声器件需要利用共振原理设计制作;为研究物质的微观结构,常采用核共振方法。但是共振现象也有极大的破坏性,减震和防震是工程技术和科学研究的一项重要任务。
表征受迫振动性质的是受迫振动的振幅—频率特性和相位—频率特性(简称幅频和相频特性)。本实验采用玻耳共振仪定量测定了阻尼振