文档介绍：动词不定式
结构: to do;(否定) not to do
二. 时态与语态
主动语态
被动语态
一般式
进行式
完成式
完成进行式
不定式
to do
to be done
to be doing
to have done
to have been
done
to have been
doing
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(1).They pretended not to see us.
(2). He pretended to be sleeping.
(3).She pretended to have known it before.
(一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/几乎同时/发生在
它之后.)
(进行式表示在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作
也正在进行)
(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前)
(4).We’re happy to have been working with
you.
(完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式的
动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续)
一. 主语
(1)把不定式置于句首。如:
To get there by bike will take us half an hour.
To see is to believe.
(2)用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中。如:
①It+be+名词+to do
It's our duty to take good care of the old.
② It+be+形容词+(for sb)+to do
It is difficult for us to position in a
quarter of an hour.
③ It+be+形容词+of sb+to do
It is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says.
④ It takes sb+ some time+ to do
How long did it take you to finish the work?
⑤It seems(appears)+形容词+to do
It seemed impossible to save money.
二. 表语
:
My job is to teach students.
Your task is to clean the classroom.
What I would suggest is to put off the meeting.
三. 宾语( V. + to do )
(1)只能跟不定式作宾语
afford (付得起) agree(同意) aim(力求做到) appear(显得) arrange(安排)ask(要求)attempt (试图) care(想要) choose(决定)decide(决定) demand(要求) determine(决心)expect(期待) fail(未履行) help(帮助)hesitate(犹豫) hope(希望) learn(学会)manage(设法) offer(主动提出)plan(计划)prepare(准备) pretend(假装) promise(答应)prove(证明) refuse(拒绝) resolve(解决)seem(觉得好像)tend(往往会) threaten(预示)undertake(承诺)want(想要) wish(希望)
(2).动词+疑问词+ 不定式
常用动词 decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell。如:
I couldn't decide which book to choose.
I can tell you where to get this book.
疑问词+不定式”结构除了作宾语外,还可以在句中作主语或者表语。如:
When to start the program remains undecided.
The question is how to put the plans into practice.
用it 作形式宾语
动词+it+adj. / n. +to do
We think it quite important to learn a foreign language well.
He feels i