文档介绍：Lymphomas of the Head and Neck
Tal Marom, MD
Lymphoma
Cancer of the lymphatic system
Lymphoma is differentiated by the type of cell that multiplies and how the cancer presents itself
Two main groups: Hodkgin’s disease and NHL
US prevalence (HD) = 3 cases/100,000 (incidence ↓)
US prevalence (NHL)=16 cases/100,000 (incidence↑)
Hodgkin vs. Non-Hodgkin Ly.
Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas
Age
Average age is with two age peaks, the major one between 15 and 24 with a lesser peak after age 55.
Average age is about 67.
Lifetime prevalence
Men %Women %
Men %Women %
Occurrence
About 15% of all lymphomas
About 85% of all lymphomas
Hodgkin vs. Non-Hodgkin Ly.
Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas
Location
LN above the collar bone. In Hodgkin's it is also more likely to appear in the chest cavity (mediastinum), particularly in younger patients.Only about 15% to 20% of cases are below the diaphragm.
Extra-nodular disease in about 4% of cases.
LN above the collar bone. In NHL it is also more likely to appear in the mesenteric nodes in the abdomen.
The disease occurs in the chest cavity in less than 40% of patients. (An exception, lymphoblastic lymphoma, which is seen most often in young people, is likely to first appear in the chest.)Extra-nodular disease in about 23% of patients. Slow-growing lymphomas mon in the liver and bone marrow.
Hodgkin vs. Non-Hodgkin Ly.
Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas
Affected Lymph Cells
B-Lymphocytescharacterized by the Reed-Sternberg Cell
B-Lymphocytes (>90%), T-Lymphocytes or Natural Killer (NK) Cells
Symptoms
More likely (40%) to have systemic ("B") symptoms at the time of diagnosis.
Less likely than HL to have systemic ("B") symptoms (27%) at the time of diagnosis.
Progression
Less likely to be diagnosed in stage IV (10%).
Hodgkin's disease usually progresses slowly (or aggressively) in an orderly way from one lymph node region to the next.
If it spreads be