文档介绍：Lecture 3 Related Theory of munication
Classic
Theory
Human
Relations
Theory
Human
Resources
Theory
Classic Approach
(1880-----1920)
Historical and cultural background
Scientific management
anization
Historical and Cultural Background
Industrial Revolution -----beginning of anization
Time:1870s
Place: Started in England, followed by a rapid expansion of industrialism in Northern Europe and North America
Result: factory system in place of labour workshop, machinery in place of manual labour, industrial society in place of agricultural society
Impact anization and munication
Change in the relationship between people due to change of social production and way of allocation resulted from factory system
Change in way of munication due to labour division and hierarchy
Scientific Management
Pioneer:Frederic Taylor(1856-1915)
Book: Principles of scientific Management
Viewpoint: the best management is a true science, resting upon clearly defined laws, rules and principles
anization
The well-known German scholar:Max Weber (1946)
Principles:
Structure and function anization
Means of rewarding effort anizations
Protections for the individuals who do the work
Human Relations Approach
The Hawthorne Studies and Mayo’s viewpoint
Barnard’s viewpoint
Ohio State University’s study of leader traits
Herzberg’s two-factor theory
Fiedler’s contingency theory
Simon’s decision-making model
The institutional school
Historical and Cultural Background
Time: 1929-1940
Event :
the Great Depression
World War II
a new way of understanding human behaviour
Elton Mayo believed that:
Society prised of groups, not isolated individuals
Individuals ate swayed by group norms and do not act alone in accord with self-interests
Individual decisions are not entirely rational but are influenced by emotions
Major Points by Chester Barnard
The functions of the Executive(1938)
Asserting the importance of cooperation anizations
The role of management was municative and persuasive
Effe