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Unit one Good Friend
直接引语与间接引语(Direct Speech and Indirect Speech)
:,叫
“直接引语”。
,叫
“间接引语”。
间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语一般前后要加引号,间接引语不用引号。
:约翰说:“我喜欢看故事书。”(直接引语)
John said, “I like reading story books.”
约翰说他喜欢看故事书。(间接引语)
John said that he liked reading story books。
(Statements)
直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时,用连词that引导。从句的人、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。
1)人称的变化
他说:“我非常喜欢它。”
他说他非常喜欢它。
2)时态的变化
如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,直接引语变间接引语时,从句的谓语动词在时态上要作相应的变化。如主句的谓语动词是现在时,从句的时态则无需变化。
He said, “I like it very much.”
He said that he liked it very much.
3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化
直接引语转化间接引语时的变化
例句
直接引语
间接引语
This-that
She said, “I’ll finish the work this morning.”
She said that she would finish the work that morning.
These-those
He said, “These books are mine.”
He said that those books were his.
Now-then
He said, “It’s nine o’clock now.”
He said that it was nine o’clock then.
Today-that day
He said, “I haven’t seen her today.”
HE said that he hadn’t seen her that day.
Yesterday-the day before
She said, “I went there yesterday.”
She said that she had gone there the day before.
Tomorrow-the next day
She said, “I’ll go there tomorrow.”
She said that she would go there the next day.
Ago- before
She said, “He left 30 minutes ago.”
She told me that he had left 30 minutes before.
Here-there
He said, “My sister was here one week ago.”
He said that his