文档介绍：北京地区典型砖木结构农宅抗震加固性能研究
摘要:根据北京地区农村住宅调研结果,选取最典型的砖木(前檐砖柱支撑)结构,进行了加固前后的振动台试验。针对北京地区农村住宅砖木结构(砖柱支撑)未加固模型的振动台试验结果,提出了抗震加固措施,包括:加设钢筋混凝土窗框,增大前纵墙的抗侧刚度;采用水泥砂浆面层加固两面山墙、砖柱和窗下墙,提高墙体的承载和变形能力;加设钢圈梁,提高结构的整体牢固性。分析了模型加固前后振动台试验的损伤情况、频率和阻尼、加速度动力系数、位移和滞回曲线等结构动力特性参数。上述加固措施显著提高了此类砖木结构农宅的抗震能力,加固模型达到了“小震不坏、中震可修、大震不倒”的抗震设防目标。
关键词:砖木结构、振动台试验、抗震性能、抗震加固
中图分类号:TU361 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1674-4764(2015)06-0062-08
parision of resistant behavior was made between two kinds of seismic strengthening methods for the single-story brick-wood structure with brick columns representative of existing rural buildings in Beijing, through shaking table tests on large-scale models. According to the seismic damages of unreinforced model test, the seismic strengthening measures were propos
ed, which included: (1) addition of a concrete window frame to increase the lateral stiffness of front longitudinal wall, (2) strengthening the walls, brick columns and under-window walls by using cement mortar to increase the carrying and deformation capacity, (3) addition steel ring beam to enhance the robustness of the structure. The results of testing damage and the dynamic characteristics parameters, such as, dynamic frequency, structural damping, acceleration dynamic coefficient, hysteresis curve etc., showed that the reinforcement measures significantly increased the seismic resistance of this kind of brick-wood structure. At same time, the reinforcement measures could achieve the seismic design target of “operational under minor earthquakes, repairable damage under design basis earthquakes, and collapse prevention under rare earthquakes.”
Key words:brick-wood structure, shaking table test; seismic performance; seismic reinforcement
近年来,汶川地震和玉树地震等频发的地震给农村既有住宅导致灾难性破坏,也给了人们很大的警示与教训[1-2]。北京地区地处燕山地震带与华北平原中部地震带的交汇处,紧邻汾渭地震带和郯庐深大断裂地震带,是一个地震多发区,历史上曾遭受过多次强烈地震的破坏和影响,大部分地区属于8度抗震设防。地震危险是北京建设发展中必须考虑的一个重要因素。北京农村住宅调研结果[3-4]指出,北京农村的民宅均为自建房且多为单层砖砌体结构,建国以来一直没有被纳入政府的监管体系中。受经济条件的限制和农村传统风俗、建筑****惯的影响,加之农居建设法律法规和技术标准不健全,总体来看,北京农宅抗震设防状况令人担扰。北