文档介绍：Grammar
选修7 unit 1
Grammar
动词不定式
动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语等,但不能作谓语。不定式可以有自己的逻辑主语,即for sb. to do sth.
1. 不定式作主语
To finish this report took him a week.
My job is to help the poor person.
2. 不定式作表语
To see is to believe.
What I would suggest is to put off the meeting.
想一想!
3. 不定式作宾语
I decided to ask for my money back.
4. 不定式作宾补
1) 带to的不定式作宾补。很多动词如: allow, order, force, permit, tell, want, wish, forbid, advise, persuade, warn等后面作宾补的不定式都带to。
如: He didn’t allow us to smoke in his house. 他不允许我们在他的家里吸烟。
2) 不带to的不定式作宾补。使役动词make, have, let;感官动词see, watch, observe, hear, listen to, notice等后面作宾补的不定式不带to。
如: He made a face and made everybody laugh. 他做了一个鬼脸, 逗得大家都笑了。
如果上述结构变为被动语态,不定式就由原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语,此时第2类动词(let, have无被动语态)后原来不带to的不定式要加to。
如: He was seen to go upstairs.
有人看见他上楼去了。
Be careful!
注意:
5. 不定式作定语
Do you have anything to say on the question?
注意: 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词, 或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式的地点、工具等,不定式后面须有相应的介词。
He is looking for a room to live in.
There is nothing to worry about.
6. 不定式作状语
I stayed there to see what would happen.
We were very excited to hear the news.
1. It is good to help others.
2. It is my ambition to make sure that the disabled people in our neighborhood have access to all public buildings.
3. My ambition is to work in puter industry when I grow up.
Identify its function.
(subject)
(subject)
(predicative)
想一想
4. I don’t have time to sit around feeling sorry for myself.
5. I am the only student in my class to have a pet snake.
6. A pany has decided to buy it from me.
7. My fellow students have begun to accept me for who I am.
(attribute)
(attribute)
(object)
(object)