文档介绍：Chapter 11 Endocrinology
Department of Physiology, School of
Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, SCU
Topics in This Chapter
¢ Introduction
¢ Endocrine Functions of Hypothalamus
(English textbook ~857)
Part 1 Introduction
¢ History
• 1543’ Vesalius, “pituata”ėėė “pituitary”
• 1855’ Claud Bernard, “endocrine”
• 1889’ Brown-Squard
• 1902’ Bayliss & Starling
• 1905’: hormone
secretin
2
HCl 1
3
vena jejunum (no nerve)
atropine
ĉĉĉĉDefinition
¢ Endocrine system
• Consists of endocrine glands
and diffused endocrine cells;
• A information transfer system;
• Coordinates the functions of
ans.
¢ Function of endocrine system
• maintenance of homeostasis
• regulation of metabolism
• growth and development
• reproduction
¢ Hormone:
Hormone is a chemical produced by some
cells in a small amount that is released into
the extracellular fluid to act on its target cells.
¢ Modes of information transfer by hormones
telecrine paracrine autocrine neurocrine
circulating local hormone
hormone neurohormone
ĊĊĊ. Chemical Classification of Hormones
1. Proteins and peptides
(synthesized from amino acids)
2. Amines (derivatives of tyrosine)
3. Lipid hormones
• steroid hormones
• sterol hormones
• fatty acid derivatives
ċċċ. Characteristics of Hormone Action
• Target cells(ans,glands)
• Receptor(membrane ˈˈˈcytoplasm ˈˈˈnucleus)
affinity
• Regulation of receptors
number
up regulation down regulation
• Down regulation: A hormone decreases the
number of its receptors in a target tissue.