文档介绍：OVERVIEW OF
PROCESS PLANT PIPING
SYSTEM DESIGN
By: Vincent A. i
Carmagen Engineering, Inc.
1
Piping System
Piping system: conveys fluid between
locations
Piping system includes:
• Pipe
• Fittings (. elbows, reducers, branch
connections, etc.)
• Flanges, gaskets, bolting
• Valves
• Pipe supports
2
ASME
• Provides requirements for:
–Design –Erection
– Materials –Inspection
– Fabrication – Testing
• For process plants including
– Petroleum refineries – Paper plants
– Chemical plants – Semiconductor
– Pharmaceutical plants plants
– Textile plants – Cryogenic plants
3
Scope of ASME
• Piping and ponents, all fluid
services:
– Raw, intermediate, and finished chemicals
– Petroleum products
– Gas, steam, air, and water
– Fluidized solids
– Refrigerants
– Cryogenic fluids
• Interconnections within packaged equipment
• Scope exclusions specified
4
Strength
• Yield and Tensile Strength
• Creep Strength
• Fatigue Strength
• Alloy Content
• Material Grain size
• Steel Production Process
5
Stress - Strain Diagram
S B
A C
E
6
Corrosion Resistance
• Deterioration of metal by chemical or
electrochemical action
• Most important factor to consider
• Corrosion allowance added thickness
• Alloying increases corrosion resistance
7
Piping System Corrosion
General or Uniform metal loss. May bined with erosion if
Uniform high-velocity fluids, or moving fluids containing
Corrosion abrasives.
Pitting Localized metal loss randomly located on material
Corrosion surface. Occurs most often in stagnant areas or areas of
low-flow velocity.
Galvanic Occurs when two dissimilar metals contact each other in
Corrosion corrosive electrolytic environment. Anodic metal develops
deep pits or grooves as current flows from it to cathodic
metal.
Crevice Corrosion Localized corrosion similar to pitting. Occurs at places
such as gaskets, lap joints, and bolts where crevice
exists