文档介绍：Hydroprocessing Reactor and Process Design
to Optimize Catalyst Performance
by
Raj H. Patel and Emmett Bingham
Haldor Topsoe, Inc., Orange California, USA
and
Preben Christensen and Morten Müller
Haldor Topsøe A/S, Lyngby, Denmark
Presented at The First Indian Refining Roundtable,
December 1-2, 1998 - New Delhi, India
- 2 -
Abstract
Global diesel quality requirements continue to increase. The . and the European Union
have already adopted wt% diesel sulfur specifications and sulfur reductions have been
proposed in many of the remaining countries in the world. Further requirements not only for
diesel sulfur content, but also for diesel cetane index, density and polyaromatics content is
likely to be introduced in the European Union from year 2005. Much effort has been
undertaken to develop more active hydroprocessing catalysts to address the ever increasing
demands for deeper desulfurization, denitrogenation, and aromatics saturation required for the
production of environmentally friendly, clean fuels. However, little has been done to modify
reactor design to efficiently utilize the benefits of higher activity catalysts. Problems with poor
liquid distribution are magnified when deep desulfurization or aromatics saturation is required
and this can only be addressed by improving reactor internals.
Based on cold flow testing, fluid flow modeling, and industrial feedback; research and
development programs at Haldor Topsøe A/S, have produced significant improvements in the
design of liquid distribution trays, graded catalyst beds, and quench mixing devices for
hydroprocessing reactors. Improved reactor performance resulting from implementation of
these efficient reactor internals has also been demonstrated in more than 15 industrial
hydroprocessing units. Reactor internals technology is only a small but important part of
Topsøe’s hydroprocessing technology resources. Intimate knowledge of heterogeneous
catalysis and process de