文档介绍：Chapter 51
Antineoplastic Drugs
Cancer Chemotherapy
Pharmacology
Instructor : Lei Linsheng
抗肿瘤药的分类
一. 直接细胞毒类(传统抗肿瘤药物)
二. 非直接细胞毒类
(雄激素类,雌激素类,糖皮质激素类,抗雌激素,等.)
2. 单克隆抗体(曲妥珠单抗,利妥昔单抗)
3. 信号转导抑制剂(伊马替尼,吉非替尼)
4. 细胞分化诱导剂(维A酸)
5. 细胞凋亡诱导剂(亚砷酸)
6. 新生血管生成抑制剂(重组人血管生成抑制剂)
Cancer Therapeutic Modalities
At present, about 50% of patients with cancer can be cured, with chemotherapy contributing to cure in 10% - 15% of patients.
The efficacy bination chemotherapy has now been validated in many forms of human cancers, and the scientific rationale appears to be sound. 它的科学性越来越得到人们的肯定.
Cancer Therapeutic Modalities
Cancer chemotherapy can be curative in certain disseminated neoplasms that have undergone either gross or microscopic spread by the time of diagnosis. These cancers include germ cell cancer, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Hodgkin’s disease, and choriocarcinoma绒(毛)膜癌as well as childhood cancers such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Burkitt‘s 伯基特 lymphoma, Wilms' tumor 肾母细胞瘤, and embryonal a横纹肌肉瘤.
In an increasing number of cancers, the use of bined with radiation therapy followed by surgery can increase the cure rate; these include locally advanced bladder cancer, breast cancer, esophageal cancer, head and neck cancer, rectal cancer, and osteogenic a.
In patients with widespread disseminated disease, chemotherapy provides only palliative rather than curative therapy at present. Effective palliation results in temporary improvement of the symptoms and signs of cancer and enhancement in the overall quality of life.
Use of hormonal agents to modulate tumor growth is playing an increasing role in hormone-responsive tumors thanks to the development of hormone antagonists and partial agonists.
Anticancer drug development
After new drugs with potential anticancer activity are identified, they are subjected to preclinical toxicologic and limited pharmacologic studies in animals.
Promising agents that do not have excessive toxicity are then advanced to phase I clin