文档介绍：Opportunitycost机会成本Inordertoconsumemoreofgood1consumerhavetogiveupsomeconsumptionofgood2.(消费者为了消费更多商品1而要放弃消费商品2的数量)e.(消费者在他收入范围内能购买的商品和服务的组合)Weaklypreferredset弱偏好集Alloftheconsumptionbundlewhichareweaklypreferredtocertainconsumptionbundle.(至少和某个消费束一样受偏好的一切消费束集合)Economicrent经济租金Thosepaymentstoafactorofproductionthatareinexcessoftheminimumpaymentnecessarytohavethatfactorsupplied(enecessarytorestoretheconsumertohisoriginalindifferencecurve(使消费者回到初始无差异曲线上所必需的收入变化)Equivalentvariation等价变化Theamountofmoneyhavetobetakenawayfromtheconsumerbeforethepricechangetoleavehimaswelloffashewouldbeafterthepricechange.(在价格变化以前,使消费者的境况与价格变化以后一样好所必须取走的货币数量)Consumer’ssurplus消费者剩余Thedifferencebetweentheamounttheconsumerwouldbewillingtobuythexunitsandtheamountheactuallybuystheunits.(消费者购买x单位商品实际支付的货币量和他支付的货币量之间的差额)Producer’ssurplus生产者剩余Thedifferencebetweentheminimumamounttheproducerwouldbewillingtosellthexunitsforandtheamountheactuallysellstheunitsfor.(生产者出售x单位商品实际得到的货币量和他愿意换取的最小货币量之间的差额)Extensivemargin广延边际Whenthepricechanges,consumerstillconsumingsomeofbothgoods.(当价格变化时,消费者仍会消费每种商品)Intensivemargin集约边际Inthereservation-pricemodel,theconsumersaredecidingwhetherornottoenterthemarketforoneofthegoods.(在“保留价格模型”中,消费决定是否进入某种商品市场)Cornersolution*角点解aspecialsolutiontoanagent'smaximizationprobleminwhichthequantityofoneoftheargumentsinthemaximizedfunctioniszero.(在效率最大化问题中消费者消费一种商品的数量为0的一种特殊解法)Interiorsolution*内点解ach