文档介绍：湖南大学
硕士学位论文
涵道式垂直起降两栖飞行器原理设计与研究
姓名:陈哲吾
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:车辆工程
指导教师:文桂林
2009-12-28
涵道式垂直起降两栖飞行器原理设计与研究
摘要
既可以在地面上像汽车一样行驶又可以在空中飞行的地空两用飞行器是一种
新型飞行器。平时它可作为汽车在路上行驶,以最大限度地节省能源;而在关键
时候又可以在空中自由飞行,尽显其快捷方便的优势。涵道式垂直起降两栖飞行
器作为两栖飞行器的一种,涵道式结构及飞行性能上独特的优势,使得涵道式垂
直起降两栖飞行器在军用和民用等方面具有广泛的应用前景。它既涉及到总体结
构设计及其复杂的机构学、运动学及空气动力学问题,也涉及到涵道螺旋桨和格
栅翼设计与飞行稳定性及控制性问题,除此之外,还涉及到地面行驶系统设计等,
牵涉到的知识非常广泛,是十分复杂的多学科问题。
本文设计研究了一种涵道式的垂直起降两栖飞行器,在地面上行驶时,其涵
道口的格栅翼闭合起来就是一辆车,由四轮轮毂电机驱动;当需要在空中飞行时,
则由两个涵道螺旋桨提供升力,由两个推进涵道道螺旋桨提供前进动力,通过调
节上下格栅翼的偏角实现空中车体运动的平衡。
基于飞行器的飞行力学原理和飞行稳定性原理,并按照运动学、气动力、动
力学相结合的动态分析方法,研究了涵道式飞行器样机的理论升力、推进涵道螺
旋桨能产生的推进力。应用数值模拟仿真对飞行器进行了空气动力学分析,获得
了涵道螺旋桨的升力特性、格栅翼的性能影响以及整个飞行器的操控特性,并确
定了飞行参数、结构参数和动力参数。籍此,本文论证了该飞行器的可行性,为
进一步研究提供了理论和实验依据。通过对原理验证模型的空中飞行特性与地面
行驶性能实验,实验结果与理论分析、数值仿真结果基本一致。
关键词:两栖飞行器涵道螺旋桨格栅翼垂直起降操控特性
II
硕士学位论文
Abstract
Roadable aircrafts that run on ground and fly in air are new kinds of vessels,
which usually drive on ground like cars, so that much energy could be saved. When
needed, they can fly in air with the advantage of maximum of convenience be
implemented. As one of different kinds of roadable aircrafts, it illustrates a good
prospect of application in both military and civilian areas due to its unique advantages
gained from its ducted structure and flight performance. It involves the overall
structure design plex mechanism study, kinematics and aerodynamic
problems, as well as problems asociated with ducted propellers and flight stability and
controllability. Further more, the design of ground driving system must be
considered as well. So the design of a roadable aircraft is a multi-disciplinary issue
which involves knowledge and skills of a wide range of different areas.
Roadable aircrafts of different principles are recent focus that attracts much
research efforts, and in this paper, a new type duct-propelled roadable aircrafts with
vertical take-off and landing capability is studied. When used as a ground vehicle,