文档介绍：河北大学
硕士学位论文
新时期以来文学作品中的农民工形象研究
姓名:周秀娥
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:中国现当代文学
指导教师:常彬
2011-06
摘要
摘要
农民工的大量涌现集中在上个世纪的八九十年代,是现代化进程发展的产物。随着
改革开放的步伐加快,国家政策的日益宽松,越来越多的农民工开始进入城市打工,逐
渐形成了一股从农村向城市的“移民”热潮。
以农民工为主要描写对象的文学作品并不鲜见,从近现代的祥子、春桃到现在为我
们所熟知的陈奂生、高加林、孙少平、国瑞等等。上个世纪八十年代进城的高加林们更
多地是怀有一种对城市的精神仰慕,他们进入城市为的是像城里人那样能够找到宽广的
天地,实现自己的理想。彼时的城市更多的是精神象征。“让一部分人先富起来”的口
号提出后,九十年代初期的乡下人意识到了城里的赚钱良机。他们掀起了打工的热潮,
数以亿计的农民开始向城市进军,企图在城市谋得一席之地。然而劳动条件的恶劣、自
尊的缺乏等等使得他们的处境并不乐观。身处底层的打工作家拿起了手中纤细的笔,将
他们的遭遇吐露出来,是谓“劳者歌其事”。部分精英作家也将视角下移,继承了现代
文学中左翼文学的传统,对进城后的农民工精神及伦理、道德的变化进行了描述。进入
城市的农民工丢失了自己的身份,在挣扎焦虑中深觉无路可走,试图以暴力反抗的形式
寻求公正;金钱及物质崇拜将他们异化成了单面人;走在城市屋檐下的女性民工作为“弱
势群体”中最脆弱的一部分,受到的压榨更为残酷。她们或是因为生存压力,或是禁不
住物质的诱惑,被迫或自愿地堕落了。从良后的她们想要重新开始生活,已经遁出传统
伦理和道德的她们前路迷茫。
农民工在进城后所面临的是传统乡村道德、伦理和现代城市文明的交锋,两种文明
的对抗是当下社会深刻、复杂的景观。身处夹缝中的农民工正经历着前所未有的精神裂
变。

关键词:早期农民工劳者歌其事观照底层精神困境
I
Abstract
Abstract
Peasant workers emerged in multitude in 1980s and is the result of the process
of modernization. With the pace of the reform and opening accelerated, national policies have
e more liberal, more and more peasant workers started to enter the city for work.
Gradually it is ing a trend of immigration—from the country to the city.
It is not rarely to see literature works focused on peasant workers, from A Q, Xiangzi and
Chuntao in recent and modern history to Chen huansheng, Gaojialin, Sun shaoping and
Guirui who are familiar to us. Gao jialin who moved to the city in 1980s had a feeling of
admiration in spirit. The reason of moving to city is that they can find a broader world to
make their e true. City in that time is a symbol in spirit more than anything else.
With the slogan of letting some people and some regions prosper before others, peasants in
1990s realized the good chance of making money. They raised a wave of working in cities.
Thousands of millions of peasants have moved into the city to find their place. But working
conditions were too bad, and they were not respected.