文档介绍：南京师范大学
硕士学位论文
中班区域活动中幼儿主动学
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:学前教育学
指导教师:虞永平
2009-03-15
摘要
摘要
主动学习是幼儿有效学习的重要特征,是区域活动的主旨。本文借鉴
High/Scope 课程设计者提出的关于主动学习要素的观点,采用质化为主,量化
为辅的研究方法,考察了中班区域活动中幼儿选择活动区域、材料的陈列及投放、
幼儿活动的专注性及思维参与程度、幼儿的语言表达及成人支持的现状,分析了
造成这些现状的原因,并在此基础上提出相应的建议。
研究发现,大多数幼儿能够自主选择活动的区域,但还有一部分幼儿没有根
据自己的兴趣选择活动区域的机会;大多数活动区材料摆放井然有序,富有变化、
难度适宜,但数量及种类相对贫乏;大部分幼儿能够专注地活动,积极地思维,
活动中常常伴随着自言自语;教师以启发性言语指导方式为主。
研究表明,幼儿的经验和性格、教师的干预、区域的种类及材料的性质是影
响幼儿选择的主要因素;教师的知识经验、幼儿园及家庭支持的力度、相应的管
理制度及材料的投放方式影响着活动区的材料状况;幼儿的兴趣、材料的适宜性、
教师的指导及同伴的干扰影响着幼儿活动的专注性;幼儿的已有经验、材料的性
质、教师的指导也影响着幼儿思维参与的程度;幼儿的思维特点、教师的指导方
式、同伴及物质环境影响着幼儿的语言表达;启发性的指导方式有利于幼儿的主
动学习,教师的知识权威制约着其指导的方式。因此,主动学习的五个要素相互
影响、相互制约,构成了一个整体。
在此基础上,研究者提出了一些增进幼儿主动学习的建议。
关键词: 区域活动主动学习要素
I
Abstract
Abstract
Active learning is the most effective way for children’s learning, at the same time,
it’s also the primary intention of the area activity. With quantitative and qualitative
research methods, this paper profits from the idea of five ingredients of active
learning which is proposed by the designers of High/Scope curriculum, and
investigates the condition of materials, choice, activity, child’s language and support
from adult in area activity of middle class, analyzes the reason which has created
present situations, based on this, the corresponding proposal is put forward.
The research discovered that majority children can choose the active area
independently, but quite a number of children have no opportunity to choose
according to their interest. Most materials is placing systematically, richly changing
and difficult suitably, but the quantity and the type are relatively deficient. Lots of
children can devote their thought to the activity, even with thinking aloud during their
working. The heuristic language is used primarily in teachers’ instruction.
The researcher indicates that children’s choice is affected by children’s
experience and dispositio