文档介绍：南京航空航天大学
硕士学位论文
统计STAP中协方差矩阵研究
姓名:王林
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:通信与信息系统
指导教师:常建平;朱根才
20090101
南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文
摘要
机载相控阵雷达地物杂波呈空时二维耦合特性,决定了其杂波抑制问题可以通过空时自适
应处理(STAP)实现。由于杂波协方差矩阵(CM)包含了杂波与噪声的完整信息,因此 CM_STAP
算法的优劣既关系到统计 STAP 抑制杂波的能力,又对系统的实时性有着重要影响。
本文对统计 STAP 中协方差矩阵的算法进行研究,对一些算法提出改进,并进行了相应的理
论推导和实验仿真。
对相控阵雷达杂波协方差矩阵及统计 STAP 算法进行研究,分析了 STAP 算法所涉及的非
均匀杂波环境与运算量等问题。针对最优 STAP 算法对协方差矩阵估计和实时求逆运算时存在
的估计困难、运算量大的缺陷,探讨了两种对协方差矩阵降维处理的 STAP 算法。
对统计 STAP 中协方差矩阵的估计与求逆算法进行研究,首先讨论一种既能降维,又能精
确估计协方差矩阵的算法;随后提出一种快速计算统计 STAP 矩阵逆的算法,在 Matlab 平台下,
本文算法比 Matlab 库函数直接求逆的效率提高 %以上。
为了改善自适应波束图的性能,本文对协方差矩阵的对角加载算法进行研究,提出一种新
的确定加载电平的算法,通过仿真验证,该方法有效地解决了因采样数据不足引起的系统性能
下降的问题。

关键词: 雷达信号处理, 空时自适应处理(STAP),协方差矩阵(CM),加权似然估计(WMLE),
Cholesky 分解分块法,对角加载(DL)
I
统计 STAP 中协方差矩阵研究
Abstract
The clutter of airborne phased array radar presents itself coupling characteristic in
temporal-spatial dimensions, which makes sure that the clutter suppression could be achieved by
Space-Time Adaptive Processing(STAP). As the clutter Covariance Matrix(CM) fully contains
information of clutter and noise, the CM_STAP algorithm related to not only clutter suppression
ability for statistical STAP , but also had important impact on real-time work.
In this paper, the covariance matrix algorithm in statistical STAP was studied, a number of
algorithms were improved, and the corresponding theoretical and experimental simulation was made.
Based on clutter covariance matrix and statistical STAP algorithm research for phased array radar,
problems involved in STAP was analyzed, including nonhomogeneous clutter enverinment and
compution load. Considering the difficulty in matrix estimation and inverse operation for optimal
STAP algorithm, the paper explored two reduce-rank STAP algorithms.
The paper made research on the estimation and inversion algorithms for statistical STAP. Firstly
analyzed a kind of algorithm which was not only rank-reduced but also could accurately estimated