文档介绍：Schizophrenia Research 74 (2005) 233–252
ate/schres
Cognitive and clinical moderators of recognition memory in
schizophrenia: a meta-analysis
Marc Pelletier, Ame´lie M. Achim, Alonso Montoya, Samarthji Lal, Martin Lepage*
Brain Imaging Group, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, 6875 Boul. LaSalle, Verdun, Que´bec, Canada H4H 1R3
Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Canada
Received 5 May 2004; received in revised form 18 August 2004; accepted 25 August 2004
Abstract
Recognition memory performance in schizophrenia has been shown to vary greatly across studies. To identify the conditions
under which recognition memory is significantly impaired, we used a meta-analytic strategy to quantify the moderating effects
of several cognitive and clinical variables. Eighty-four studies (from 1965 to July 2003) provided recognition memory data for
both a schizophrenia and control group. The overall parison for recognition memory yielded a significant mean
weighted effect size of d=. Material specificity was the most significant cognitive variable found, with patients exhibiting
greater impairment for figural than verbal recognition. A yes–no recognition format and auditory encoding also led to
significantly greater effect sizes for recognition memory relative to forced-choice recognition tests and visual encoding,
respectively. Furthermore, the effect size for recognition memory as measured by false alarm was smaller than the effect size as
measured by hit rate or by d-prime and its related measures. Among clinical variables that were associated with higher effect
sizes, chronicity was the most significant, but different trends linking poor performance to negative symptoms and general
symptomatology were also observed. Thus, a recognition memory deficit moderated by both cognitive and clinical variables is
clearly present in schizophrenia.
D 2004 Elsevier . All rights reserved.
Keywords: Memory; Schizophrenia; Cognition; Familiarity; Cogn