社会福利 (3).ppt

文档介绍：Welfare Development in China
Roots of Welfare System in China
East
Confucianism
Buddhism
Taoism
三民主義
munism
Socialism
Socialism
Social welfare as the strategy to achieve socialism ….
Proletarian work ethic
Egalitarianism
Mass line
Revolution ethics of loyalty and obedience
Control of resources
Welfare Strategies
collectivisation
distribution according to work and need
related to economic policy (primary distribution)
Enterprises
Urban / Rural Government
Ministry of Civil Affaris
3-Tiers System
Enterprise
Full-employment
Life-long job
Low wage
High benefit
A ‘community’
Welfare Development, 1949-77
Urban government
City government
mittee
街道委員會
mittee
居民委員會
Rural Area
Commune
Five Protected Households 五保戶
Benefit levels varied in different districts
Ministry of Civil Affairs
administrative & welfare functions
From central to local
‘Three Nos’三無
Veteran & martyrs 優撫
Welfare Factory 福利工廠
Fupin 扶貧
Cultural Revolution 1966-76
1978: Economic Reform & Modernisation