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Drugs. 2015 March ; 75(4): 353–365. doi:-015-0358-1.
IDENTIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT OF ALCOHOL
WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME
Antonio Mirijello1, Cristina D’Angelo1, Anna Ferrulli1, Gabriele Vassallo1, Mariangela
Antonelli1, Fabio Caputo2,3, Lorenzo Leggio4,5,6, Antonio Gasbarrini1, and Giovanni
Addolorato1
1Alcohol Use Disorders Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Gemelli Hospital, Catholic
University of Rome, Rome, Italy
2Department of Internal Medicine, SS Annunziata Hospital, Cento, Ferrara, Italy
3Department of Clinical Medicine, “G. Fontana” Centre for the Study and Multidisciplinary
Treatment of Alcohol Addiction, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
4Section on Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology, Laboratory of
Clinical and Translational Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National
Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
5Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health,
Baltimore, MD, USA
6Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown
University, Providence, RI, USA
Abstract
Symptoms of alcohol withdrawal syndrome may develop within 6–24 hours after the abrupt
discontinuation or decrease of alcohol consumption. Symptoms can vary from autonomic
hyperactivity and agitation to delirium tremens.