文档介绍：对外经济贸易大学
硕士学位论文
小额信贷对中国中小企业融资体制改革的启示
姓名:欧阳红
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:金融学
指导教师:林桂军
20040401
小额信贷对中国中小企业融资体制改革的启示

欧阳红

2004 年 4 月 23 日

摘要

小额信贷作为金融业的一项制度创新 20 多年的实践证明是一种能够减少贫困和扶
持中小企业发展的非常有效的工具如今已在全世界的范围内建立并得到普遍认可然
而小额信贷在中国走过了 10 年的历程后目前却出现了萎缩的势头本文从小额信贷
基本理论的普遍性分析入手通过比较国内外的发展经验以及部分发展中国家的典型成
功案例分析了小额信贷在中国的发展现状和趋势提出小额信贷在中国的定位应从单
纯的农村和城市扶贫工具向中小企业融资服务体系工具转化的论点进而建议政府在促
进发展中小企业小额信贷的方式上可以借鉴国际批发式小额信贷基金的运行模式通
过市场化的手段以有限的财政资金充分调动社会资源逐步扩展中小企业融资的资金
来源并利用此类机构多级的风险管理模式降低行业风险和政府风险监控成本同时
提出政府应为各类金融机构创造相对公平的市场经营环境为小额信贷机构和批发式
基金的生存与发展提供必要的制度空间

中图分类号 F8

主题词小额信贷; 中国; 中小企业; 融资; 贫困

III
Microfinance: Implications for China’s SME Financing System Reform

Abstract

Ouyang Hong

23th April,2004

With its practices in the past 2 decades, microfinance has proved to be, as an
institutional innovation of financing, a highly effective tool for poverty alleviation and
SME promotion, which enabled it to witness a global prevalence and wide recognition as
of today. However, after 10 years of development, a retrogressive tendency has befallen
the microfinance business in China. For this purpose, this article analyses the current
situation and future trend of microfinance in China, by deliberating the universality of
microfinance basic theories, comparing experiences between China and other countries,
and introducing some model cases in certain developing countries. Based upon above
analysis, the argument is put forward that in China, the microfinance should be gradually
shifted from a tool for rural and urban poverty alleviation to that for SME financing
improvement. Furthermore, it is advised that the Chinese Government draw lessons from
the patterns of international MCF (micro-credit fund) operations for reference in MFI
(microfinance institution) promotion in SME businesses, which means that the
Government, through instrumentality of market mechanism, mobilize social resources
with