文档介绍：The End of Qin
Two leaders of the rebels figured most prominently: Liu Bang and Xiang Yu
Liu Bang led a force of 3,000 into Xianyang,
Ziying surrendered imperial seal and Qin officially ended
Liu Bang ordered his shoulders follow three rules: “whoever kills would be executed; whoever hurts or steals will be punished”
Liu Bang yielded Xianyang to Xiang Yu
Xiang Yu entered took over Xian Yang
slaughtered all remaining Qin soldiers, razed the entire city including Apang Hall, and executed Ziying
New Emperor and New Dynasty
Wars between armies of Liu Bang (Han) and that of Xiang Yu (Chu) (206-202 BCE) ended with Liu Bang’s victory
Liu Bang proclaimed himself emperor, and his dynasty the Han dynasty
He immediately faced Xiongnu’s challenge
Portrait of Liu Bang in Woodblock painting, Qing Dynasty
Emperors of the Han Dynasty
Han emperors after Liu Bang
Huidi→Wendi→Jingdi→Wudi
Han Wudi, Liu Che (r. 141BCE-87BCE)
One of the greatest emperors in Chinese history
Able to deal with external external and Internal unrests, caused by
Xiongnu
factions
eunuchs
emperors’ in-laws
Huo Guang
Wang Mang
Defeated Xiongnu many times
Launched numerous military campaigns against Xiongnu
Post-Wudi Period
Xiongnu remained a big problem
A Policy of Appeasement was used
Xiongnu dissolved and split into 5 groups
Hu-han-xie Chanyu (Khan)submitted himself to the Han
the “Heqin” Deplomacy
princess or palace lady, the victim of this policy
Wang Qiang (Wang Zhaojun) was married off
the topic of poetry, drama, story-telling….
The “Heqin” Diplomacy
Princess or palace lady married to Xiongnu’s Shanyu (Khan)
198 BCE (under Gaozu)
192 BCE (under Huidi, Gaozu’s son)
174 BCE (under Wendi)
162 BCE (under Wendi)
152 BCE (under Jingdi, princess)
135 BCE (under Wudi)
ceased between 133-14 BCE because of Han Wudi’s policy of expansion
War with Xiongnu:
129 BCE, Xiongnu defeated
127 BCE, Xiongnu defeated
124 BCE, Xiongnu defeated
123 BCE, Xiongnu defeated
121 BCE, Xiongnu defeated
More wars with Xiongnu