文档介绍：第一篇植物药
Drugs
Roots and Rhizomes
Stems and Woods
Barks
Levies
Flowers
Flutes and Seeds
Herbs
contents
Roots
and
Differences between Root and Rhizome
Root
Rhizome
1
geotropism
amphitropous
2
no nodes, internodes and buds
having nodes, internodes and buds
3
no pith
having pith
   Macroscopic Identification (Ma.)
① shape: cylindrical root
spindle root
cone root
irregular root
ob-conical root
② surface marking
③ cross section
Roots (Tuberous Root)
(1) Dicotyledonous Roots. ① Basic Structure cork layer cortex stele (indeterminate ecotophloic vascular bundle ) phloem calcium xylem
Microscopic Identification (Mi.)
(1) Dicotyledonous Roots. ② Special Types (variation in secondary growth) no cork tissue, having epidermis 龙胆、威灵仙. no cork tissue, having metaepidermis 细辛. no cork tissue, having metaderm 川乌、草乌 having pith 龙胆、川乌、草乌.
Microscopic Identification (Mi.)
(1) Dicotyledonous Roots. ③ Abnormal Structure poly-cyclic concentric vascular bundles 多轮同心性异型维管束—牛夕,商陆等. additional vascular bundle 附加维管柱,何首乌 included phloem 内函韧皮部, 华山参(茄科植物) interxylary cork 木间木栓或内涵周皮, 秦艽
Microscopic Identification (Mi.)
木栓层
皮层
韧皮部
形成层
木质部
韧皮部
木质部
皮层
木栓形成层
韧皮束
导管束
何首乌
牛膝
秦艽
(1) Monocotyledonous Roots. ① Basic Structure epidermis cortex (relatively broad) endodermis (well-marked and having casparian strip ) determinate vascular bundles phloem xylem pith consisting of parenchyma
Microscopic Identification (Mi.)