文档介绍：Module 4
Great Inventions
Unit 3 Language in use
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Language practice
Paper and printing have been used for ages.
The battery hasn’t been changed for a couple
of months.
Has it been published yet?
Information can be kept on CD-ROMs.
Books could only be produced one at a time.
Can books be replaced puters?
现在完成时的被动语态: have/has(not) been +过去分词
情态动词的被动语态: 情态动词(not)+ be +过去分词
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Conclusion:
一般现在时—— am/is / are +动词的过去分词
一般过去时—— was/were +动词的过去分词
一般将来时—— will be/be going to be +动词的过去分词
情态动词—— . (must/can/could/may…
+ be +动词的过去分词)
现在进行时—— be(am、is、are)+being +动词的过去分词
现在完成时—— have/has +been+动词的过去分词
被动语态的构成:be +动词的过去分词
被动语态:主语是动作的承受者。
当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时,或者只需强调动作的承受者时,要用被动语态。
(一)
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表格:被动语态基本结构
时态
被动语态结构
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在进行时
过去进行时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在完成时
过去完成时
am/is/are done
was/were done
am/is/are being done
was/were being done
shall/will be done
would be done
have/has been done
had been done
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Conclusion:
主动语态如何改成被动语态?
1. 主动语态的宾语改成被动语态的主语。
2. 主动语态的谓语动词改成被动语态的谓语动词。do
3. 注意保持时态和人称的一致。
4. 带双宾的谓语动词有两种改法。当把直接宾语改成主语时,谓语动词后必须加适当的介词: to,for.
如:give
be given to
此类动词还有:
pass show send…
再如:
buy
be bought for
此类动词还有:
make draw cook mend…
5. 一些动词不定式在主动语态中省略to作宾语补足语,改成被动语态时,to必须还原。
(二)
be done
注:1. 不及物动词(vi.)不用被动语态。如:happen、take place 、appear、
disappear…
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几种特殊结构
uncle gave me a gift on my birthday.

often hear him play the guitar.
I was given a gift on my birthday.
A gift was given to me on my birthday.
He is often heard to play the guitar
注意:see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make, listen to, look at等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to;但改成被动语态后必须带to。
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A recorder is used in our English class every day.
recorder
English class
Let‘s practice!!
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use …for
Often play
Football is played all over the world.
A camera is used for taking
photos.
Let‘s practice!!
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rob yesterday
send up
last year
A man-made satellite was sent up into space last year.
A bank was robbed yesterday.
Let‘s practice!!
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