文档介绍：Facility Layout
Operations Management
petitive Advantage
CHASE AQUILANO JACOBS
ninth edition
Technical Note 5
Technical Note 5 Facility Layout
Facility Layout and Basic Formats
Process Layout
Layout Planning
Assembly Line balancing
Service Layout
Facility Layout Defined
Facility layout can be defined as the process by which the placement of departments, workgroups within departments, workstations, machines, and stock-holding points within a facility are determined.
This process requires the following inputs:
Specification of objectives of the system in terms of output and flexibility.
Estimation of product or service demand on the system.
Processing requirements in terms of number of operations and amount of flow between departments and work centers.
Space requirements for the elements in the layout.
Space availability within the facility itself.
Basic Production Layout Formats
Process Layout
Product Layout
Group Technology (Cellular) Layout
Fixed-Position Layout
Process Layout: Interdepartmental Flow
Given
The flow (number of moves) to and from all departments
The cost of moving from one department to another
The existing or planned physical layout of the plant
Determine
The “best” locations for each department, where best means interdepartmental transportation, or flow, costs
Process Layout: CRAFT Approach
It is a heuristic program; it uses a simple rule of thumb in making evaluations:
"Compare two departments at a time and exchange them if it reduces the total cost of the layout."
It does not guarantee an optimal solution.
CRAFT assumes the existence of variable path material handling equipment such as forklift trucks.
Process Layout: Systematic Layout Planning
Numerical flow of items between departments
Can be impractical to obtain
Does not account for the qualitative factors that may be crucial to the placement decision
Systematic Layout Planning
Accounts for the importance of having each department located next to every other departme