文档介绍：安徽大学
硕士学位论文
汉魏六朝论说文三论
姓名:何生
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:中国古代文学
指导教师:吴怀东
2010-04
中文摘要

论说文是我国古代散文的重要组成部分,是古代数量最多、影响最大的文体
之一。本文以汉魏六朝时期的论说文为研究对象,根据论说文在不同时代表现出
的不同特点,将这一时期的论说文创作分为两汉、魏晋和南北朝三个时段,整合
分析现存资料,探讨论说文在不同时段的发展情况。
第一部分主要讨论两汉政权的分合对论说文,特别是政论文的影响。两汉政
治可以粗略分成三个阶段:中央高度集权的形成与鼎盛、集权削弱到王莽之乱、
光武中兴到东汉灭亡,在每个阶段,中央政府的统治力都不同,这种政治统治上
的改变在论说文当中得到鲜明的体现,对政论文的创作产生了巨大的影响。可以
说,两汉的论说文与政治休戚相关。
第二部分主要讨论魏晋多元化思想对论说文的影响。魏晋是我国的文学自觉
时代,文学思想呈现出多元化的趋向,导至这时论说文体裁多样化。为陈述自己
的主张,文士们热衷于口头上的“议”和“谈”,这也给论说文的发展带来新的
改变。总结体裁类型和发现内容新变是这部分需要完成的主要工作。
第三部分主要讨论南北朝时期佛教对论说文的影响。在佛教的作用下,论说
文又生新变,这种新变既表现在内容上,又表现在思维方法上;佛教兴盛还激起
南北朝士人辩论佛学的热情,当时佛学论辩的一个核心话题就是人死后精神存灭
的问题,激烈的口头辩论促使很多有关“神存灭”的论说文章产生,第三部分将
对这些文章加以分析。

关键词:两汉魏晋南北朝论说

I
Abstract

Essay was an important part of Chinese ancient prose, which had the largest
number and the most influential in ancient times. The studying object of the paper is
Han and Six Dynasties' essay. I divided the period into three stages: the Han
Dynasties, Wei and Jin periods and Southern and Northern Dynasties, then analyzed
existing data now, investigated the development of essay at different stages.
The first part of this paper analyzed the impact of divisions binations of
Han power on the essay, in particular the one on political essays. The Han Dynasties'
politic can be divided into three stages: Highly centralized political power to the
central unified, Centralization weakened to the rebellion of Wang Mang, Gang Wu
Zhong Xing to Eastern Han's extinction. At each stage, the rule of the central force
was different. The change of political rule on the creation of political had a
tremendous impact on essays.
Wei and Jin dynasties were Chinese literary consciousness times; Literary
thought showed diversification trend and that led to the diversification of essay type at
this time. To present their ideas, scholars were interested in verbal "debating" and
"talking", and this brought new changes to essay develo