文档介绍：论莱辛《拉奥孔》中“诗”与“画”的界限摘要: 莱辛是18世纪德国启蒙运动的杰出代表、优秀的剧作家、文艺批评家, 其著作《拉奥孔》从媒介、题材以及审美感受三方面阐明了诗与画的特殊规律, 同时提出了诗与画的不同美学原则以及艺术规律,批判了“诗画一致”说。莱辛诗画理论的出发点与他所倡导的启蒙运动密切相关,他大力倡导建立统一的德意志民族文化,进而为资本主义的发展在思想上扫清道路。莱辛的理论和实践促成了德国启蒙运动的高潮,对德国民族文学的建立和发展起了巨大的推动作用。关键词:莱辛;拉奥孔;诗画理论; 启蒙运动 Abstract : Lessing, as an outstanding representative of The Enlightenment in18th century, a famous playwright and an art critic, clarified the boundary between poems and paintings through medium, theme and esthetic feeling in his L ao K oon , and put forward different esthetic principles and laws of poems and paintings, which criticized the opinion munality of poems and paintings. The starting point of Lessing ’s theory had a close relationship with The Enlightenment. As one of the leaders of German Enlightenment, he initiated to build a unified national culture of Germany and to promote the development of capitalism. His theory and practice caused the climax of The Enlightenment in Germany and strongly promoted the establishment and development of German literature. Key words : Lessing; Laokoon; theory of poems and paintings; The Enlightenment 高特荷德· 埃夫拉姆· 莱辛( 1729 —1781 )是18 世纪德国启蒙运动的杰出代表,优秀的剧作家、文艺批评家,德国民族文学和现实主义戏剧理论的奠基人之一。莱辛的美学思想主要体现在其 1766 年出版的《拉奥孔》之中。《拉奥孔》的副标题是“论绘画和诗的界限”,是美学史上一部重要的历史文献。莱辛从拉奥孔这座雕像群所表现出的感情与罗马大诗人维吉尔在史诗《伊尼特》中所描绘的拉奥孔的形象谈起,具体探讨了造型艺术和诗(一般文学)的界限及其特殊规律。拉奥孔是 1506 年1月4 日由意大利考古学家德· 佛列底斯在古罗马皇宫的废墟中挖掘出来的一座雕像群。据希腊传说,拉奥孔是特洛伊国