文档介绍：电压质量差别电价 Different Pricing of Electric Power Based on the Voltage Quality 唐寅生 T ANG Yin-sheng (湖南电力调度通信中心, 410007 长沙) ( Hunan Electric Power Dispatching & Communication Center , Changsha 410007, China ) 摘要: 电压质量是电能的重要指标之一。用电压( 幅值) 质量特征指标, 衡量发电厂上网电能的电压质量是否合格; 同理, 用电压质量特征指标, 衡量变电站下网电能是否影响了电压质量合格,并实施《电压质量差别电价》,可以促进电网节能深入持续发展。 Abstracts: Voltage quality is one of the important indicator s of electric power, the voltage amplitude quality indicator is used to measure the voltage quality of the power offered by the power plant, similarly , Using the voltage quality indicator to measure the voltage quality of the power offered by the grid, and carry out the “ Different Pricing of Electric Power Based on the Voltage Quality ”, will promote the energy saving of the power grid to develop thorough ly and continuously . 关键词: 电压质量差别电价促进节能提高电压质量 Keywords: Different pricing of electric power based on the voltage quality, promote, energy-saving, raise the voltage quality. 电网降损的潜力每年约有 500 亿千瓦时。挖掘这 500 亿千瓦时,不仅要靠新技术,更需要制度创新。《电压质量差别电价》可以促进电网节能深入持续发展。 1 、电网线路损耗与降损潜力发电厂的上网电量经过超高压电网、高压电网、配电网和企业电网向用电企业送电,电流(I) 经过输电线路和变压器电阻(R)时因发热产生的功率损耗(△ P=3×I 2×R),叫做线路损耗。发电厂送入电网的电能量叫做供电量,电网售给企业的电能量叫做售电量,供电量减去售电量等于线损电量,线损电量除以供电量等于线路损失率,售电量除以供电量等于输电效率。通过优化电网结构,减小电网电阻达到降低线损的目标,叫做结构降损。城乡电网改造后,电网结构已经得到了很大改善,现已无大问题。通过电力系统无功优化调度,减少电网中无功的流动数量,缩短电网中无功的流动距离,达到降低线损的目的,叫做运行降损。这是我们讨论的主题[1]。表1 是我国电网历年线损率情况,表 2是2006 年国网线损率在各级电压电网中的