文档介绍:孔子思想和孟子思想之异同
several group number, then with b ± a, =c,c is is methyl b two vertical box between of accurate sispecific method is from baseline to methyl vertical box center line distance for a,, to b vertical box distance for b, list can measured
several group number, then with b ± a, =c,c is is methyl b two vertical box between of accurate size. Per-2~3 measurement, such as proceeds of c values are equal and equal to the design value, then the vertical installation accurate. For example a, b, and c valueswhile on horizontal vertical errors for measurement, General in iron angle code bit at measurement level points grid errors, specific method is from baseline to methyl vertical box center line distance for a,, to b vertical box distance for b, list can measured
several group number, then with b ± a, =c,c is is methyl b two vertical box between of accurate size. Per-2~3 measurement, such as proceeds of c values are equal and equal to the design value, then the vertical installation accurate. For example a, b, and c valueswhile on horizontal vertical errors for measurement, General in iron angle code bit at measurement level points grid errors, specific method is from baseline to methyl vertical box center line distance for a,, to b vertical box distance for b, list can measured
齐景公向孔子询问如何从政。孔子说:“要做到君君,臣臣,父父,子子。”齐景公说:“对啊!如果君不君,臣不臣,父不父,子不子,虽然有足够的粮食,我又能给谁吃呢?”
 
可见上面这段对话中的“君君、臣臣、父父、子子”的意思很显然属于“礼”的相对性,它在强调每个人尽管社会角色不同,但都有约束自己的准则。孔子在这里没有涉及到君臣、父子的关系。但是100年后的孟子和荀子将这个“君君、臣臣、父父、子子”演化成了君臣、父子。如《孟子·滕文公上》中的“父子有亲,君臣有义,夫妇有别”;《孟子·尽心上》中的“仁之于父子也,义之于君臣也,礼之于宾主也,知之于贤者也,圣人之于天道也,命也”。于是孔子思想在孟子手里转了个弯,从孔子重点强调“君、臣、父、子”各有自身的界限到孟子重点研究君与臣、父与子的关系,历史的发展似乎注定要发生这样的偏离。尽管孟子的“父子有亲,君臣有义”,“仁之于父子也,义之于君臣也”对父子、君臣的关系描述得不清不楚,但是,这种对父子、君臣、夫妻之间关系的关注最终导致了儒家“三纲”的诞生。
儒家的“五常”来源于孟子的脉络则更为清晰。《孟子·尽心上》中的一段话就可以看到孟子对“仁、义、礼、智”排比。有意思的是五常之中唯一具备基本道德特点的“信”并不在孟子所列的基本道德之列,孟子仅举“仁义礼智”四德,而“信”被加入五常之中是在汉代,由于当时五行说盛行,为了配合五行说将
several group number, then with b ± a, =c,c is is methyl b two vertical box between of accu