文档介绍：摘要
现代自适应光学的核心研究内容之一,就是对光波波前进行测量与分析,在此基
础上找出改变甚至校正波前的有效途径,为高性能成像探测服务。基于自适应光电系
统来直接测量及调制波前,由于简化了传统光学成像探测中的预(及后)处理程序,具
有传统光学系统所无法比拟的优越性,在高分辨率成像观测、高能量密度激光传输等
军事和民用领域具有广泛的应用前景。
在光学探测过程中,由于大气湍流、温度变化及粉尘颗粒等因素的干扰,光波前
在传输过程中会发生扭曲、弯曲等现象,造成光波的等位相面畸变,使光学系统的分
辨率降低,成像质量下降等结果。自适应光学系统基于波前调制,结合相应算法,可
以有效降低甚至消除环境因素所引入的干扰。
目前常规的波前校正系统,大多利用可变形镜来校正源于大气扰动等的波前畸变,
以改善成像质量。尽管随着 MEMS 工艺的发展,器件的结构质量和尺寸在逐渐减小,功
耗逐渐降低,但始终存在控制复杂、响应速度慢、稳定性差、调整维度受限、机械惯
性大、光路复杂、光束不能以透射方式工作等缺陷,无法满足灵巧成像需求。
本文提出了一种新的自适应波前校正方法,即利用透射式的电控液晶微透镜阵列,
设计自适应波前测量与校正方案。结合课题需求,对该方案的可行性及相应的校正能
力进行计算机仿真测试,并对仿真结果进行了分析和总结。实验结果显示了方案的可
行性。

关键词: 自适应光学, 波前测量与校正, 液晶微透镜阵列, 计算机仿真
I
ABSTRACT
One of the core research content of modern adaptive optics is to measure and analyze
the wavefront of light, and further to find effective approaches to change and/or even correct
wavefront for high performance imaging detection. The methods of direct measuring and
modulating wavefront based on the adaptive opto-electronic systems, can effectively
simplify the pre- and post-processing operation of conventional optical systems, and thus
demonstrate some particular pared to traditional optical systems, which can be
widely used in fields such as high resolution imaging detection, high energy density laser
transmission, beam shaping, and so on.
In optical imaging detection, disturbances from circumstance factors such as
atmospheric turbulence, temperature field change, and dense dust particle distribution, result
in bad phenomenon of the wavefront scatting and distorting during propagation circumstance
field, and then cause phase distortions, and thus decrease imaging resolution and imaging
quality. Adaptive optics systems based upon wavefront modulation, combined with
matching algorithm, can efficiently decrease or pletely eliminate disturbances from
circumstance factors.
Currently, common deformable mirrors have been widely used in wavefront correction
systems to correct wavefront distortion fr