文档介绍：湘潭大学
硕士学位论文
沃尔泽分配正义研究
姓名:高扬
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:外国哲学
指导教师:李国华
20060426
摘要

正义问题是一个历史悠久而又与时俱进的话题。自柏拉图、亚里多德以来,
人们从未间断对正义问题的追问与探索。在正义问题的研究中,哈佛大学显然走
在世界的前列。当代正义理论大家:罗尔斯、诺齐克、沃尔泽同为该校的知名教
授。中国人对罗尔斯、诺齐克的正义理论颇为熟悉,而对沃尔泽的分配正义理论
则甚为陌生。本文试图对沃尔泽分配正义理论作详细的介绍与深刻的评价,从而
弥补我国学界在此方面的不足。
沃尔泽分配正义理论与罗尔斯、诺齐克的正义观有很深的渊源。其分配正义
的实质是多元正义即在诸善分配领域中,正义的标准是多元的。他倡导的多元分
配正义是为了消除局部领域内的简单平等,去追求所有领域内的复合平等。沃尔
泽分配正义理论立足于成员资格,强调的是共同体价值,奉行的是“公益政治”。
其分配正义标准是相对于特殊社群的社会意义而言的。他所关注的所有善都具有
社会性、历史性。因此他是社群主义的倡导者,他的分配正义理论具有浓厚的相
对主义特色。
当今我国正在建设社会主义和谐社会,而和谐社会的价值取向是正义,我们
应该更加关注社会公平正义。恰逢其时,对沃尔泽分配正义理论的研究既具有理
论价值,又拥有现实意义。

关键词:分配正义;复合平等;简单平等;相对主义;和谐社会

I
ABSTRACT

Justice is a topic that has a long history and advance with the time .Since Plato
and Aristotle , there has never stopped to ask and explored the question of justice . In
the study of justice . Harvard University is walking in the forefront of the
world .Contemporary authorities of justice : Rawls , Nozick and Walzer all were
weel-known professors for the school .Chinese people are quite familiar with Rawls’
and Nozick’s theory of justice , but they are very unfamiliar with Walzer’s theory of
distributive justice . The article attempts to give a detailed introduction and profound
evaluation to Walzer’s theory of distributive justice in order to cover my academic
ings in the field.
Walzer’s theory of distributive justice has deep roots in the concept of Rawls’ and
Nozick’s justice . The essence of Walzer’s distributive justice is diverse, i .e .in
distributive areas of good , the standard of justice is diverse .He advocated the diverse
distributive justice in order to eliminate simple equality in local area and to pursuit
complex equality in all areas .Walzer’s theory of distributive justice based on
membership , emphasis munity values and pursuit a “good politics”. The
standard of his distributive justice is said in relation to social sense of a particula