2021届东莞市竹溪中学高三英语下学期期中试卷及参考答案.pdf

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第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Olderadultswhosleepsixhoursorfeweranightmayhaveelevatedriskfordementia(痴呆症)andother
cognitive(认知的)issues,anewstudyfinds.
ResearchersatStanfordUniversitymeasuredseniors'(ages65to85)dementiariskandcognitiveabilities,
findinghigherriskinthosepatientswhoregularlysleptsixorfewerhourscomparedtothosewhosleptsevenor

issues,buttheresearchersdidn'tfindthesamehighdementiariskinthisgroup.
Thefindingsdemonstratehowimportantitisforadultstomaintainahealthysleepcycle,especiallyasthey
getolder.
Asadultsage,it'scommonfortheirsleeppatternstochangeorbecomedisrupted—leadingtolonger,shorter,
'sandotherformsofdementia,impacting
seniors'abilitytorememberinformation,problem-solve,
alsobecausedbyorheightendepression,cardiovasculardisease(冠心病),andotherconditions.
Arecommendedsleeptimeforseniorsisseventoeighthours,
correspondedtoshortsleep,whilenineormorehourscorrespondedtolongsleep.
TheStanfordresearchersmeasuredlevelsofbetaamyloid,aproteininthebrainthatistypicallyfoundinhigh
levelswhenapatientdevelopsAlzheimer',theresearchersusedseveraltestsformemory,attention,
spatialskills,andexecutivefunctiontoidentifypatients'
feweranightweremorelikelytodevelopdementia,-sleeppatientshadhigher
levelsofbetaamyloid.
TheStanfordresearchersfoundthatpatientswithlowersleepalsoperformedworseonmemorytests,while
thosewithhighersleep(morehours)performedworseonexecutivefunctiontests,whichmeasurethebrain's
abilitytoswitchbetweendifferenttasks.
―Themaintakeawayisthatitisimportanttomaintainhealthysleeplateinlife,WinertoldCNN.
“disrupted”inparagraph4mean?


,whichofthefollowingisNOTrelatedtothedisruptedsleep?
.
,cardiovasculardiseaseandotherillnesses.
.
DIttendstobringalltheoldpeopletoundergobrainscansandcognitivetests.
?
.
.
.
.
B
Inaworldsimultaneouslyonfireandunderwaterthankstoclimatechange,scientistshaveannouncedsomegood
news:Severalimportanttuna(金枪鱼)specieshavesteppedbackfromtheedgeofextinction.

arenottheonlyspeciesscientistsarediscussingatthe2021WorldConservationCongressinMarseille,France,
whichisorganizedbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN).Researcherscautionthatmany
,morethanathirdoftheworld'ssharksremainthreatened
withextinctionduetooverfishing,habitatloss,andclimatechange.
“Ithinkthegoodnewsisthatsustainablefisheriesarepossible,”saysBethPolidoro,amarinebiologistat
ArizonaStateUniversity.“Wecaneatfishinaproperwayandwithoutdrivingthepopulationtothepointwhereit
isontheroadtocollapseorextinction."Atthesametime,shewarnedthatthechangesinstatusshouldnotbean
reasontocatchasmanyfishaswewant.
TheIUCN,whichrankstheworld'smostendangeredspeciesonitsRedListofThreatenedSpeciesandis
backedby16,000expertsacrosstheglobe,alsoannouncedatthemeetingthatsomeanimalsaremovinginthe
otherdirection,,anisland-livinglizardatparticular
riskfromclimatechange.
Forthebetterpartoftwodecades,Polidorohasbeenpartofaspecialistgrouptaskedwithassessingthe

findingsin2011,mentioningthatanumberofcommerciallyfishedtunaspeciesweredangerouslycloseto
,theAtlanticbluefintuna(Thunnusthynnus),oncelistedasendangered,
(Thunnusalbacares)andalbacoretuna
(Thunnusalalunga),whichwerebothconsiderednear-threatenedthelasttimetheywereassessed.
“imperiled”inparagraph2mean?


'swords?
.
.
.
.
?
.
'smostendangeredspecies.
.
.
'sthemainideaofthepassage?
.
.
.
.
C
,especiallyasthe
hormonalchangesofteenagersaregoingonandthedemandsofschoolandextra-curricularactivitiesare
increasing,ADHDmaygetworse.
Becauseofproblemswithgettingunfocusedandpoorconcentration,manyteenswithADHDhaveproblems
,’snotuncommonforteenswith
ADHDtoforgettheirhomework,losetextbooks,
inattentiveorextremelyattentive,
.
Often,

attentiontowhatthey’redoingoftenleadstobadgradesontestsandbeingpassedoverforsportsteams,
after-schoolactivities,,,notallchildren
,youcantakemeasurestohelpimprovetheir
socialskillsandrelationships.
ADHDaffectsallpartsofateenager’’stroublesasearlyas
’stroublesarediscovered,themoresuccessfulthefollowingstepscanbe.
?
.
’.
“fidgety”probablymeaninparagraph2?
.
?
.
’.
?
.

teens.
D
Asiscommonlyknown,,anewstudy
providesevidencethattheareahadarainforestinthepast.

sediment,,
dinosaursweretheruleranimalsoftheland.
JohannKlages,aGermangeologist,wastheleadwriterofastudyonthefindings,publishedinthe

saidanexaminationshowedthatthematerialdidn’tformintheocean.
Theresearchersestimatethatthearea—about900kilometersfromtheSouthPole—hadaverageyearly
temperaturesofabout12°Cto13°,aswellassubstanceslinked
toatleast65differentkindsofplants,,Klagessaidthere
werelikelydinosaurs,flyingreptilesandmanyinsectsintheenvironment.
TheresearchrepresentsnewevidenceofthemajorclimatechangesEarthexperiencedinthepast—andis
’swarmestperiodofthepast140
millionyears,
environmentinAntarcticawasespeciallysurprisingbecauseeachyear,theareaexperiencesafour-monthpolar
,but
seasonalsnowfallwaslikely.
?
.
.
?
.
.
?
.
.
’snaturalenvironmenthaschangedgreatly.
.
?
.
.
.
.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
Ithurtstoseesomeoneyoucareaboutstrugglinginarelationshipthatseemstotakeawaytheirjoyand
,thenit'.
•Listen
,
,whathe/sheneedsmostisa
personwhocanlistentothem.
•Saywhatyouthinkhonestly
Oneofthemostimportantwaysofhelpingyourfriendswhoareinaharmfulrelationshipisbybeingdirect

,maintainagentleattitudewhiletalking.
•_______19_______.
Ifyou'veeverbeeninaharmfulexperiencebefore,thenyouhaveaverypowerfulweapontohelpyour
.
However,.
,youmayharmyourfriendormakethehurtevenmore
awful.

'experience
'sufferingsandarguewiththem

,notwhattheyareeagertohear

'salwayswisetobecarefulwhenhelpingafriendwhoisintrouble
第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
Didyouknowthattruckdrivingisoneoftheunhealthiestprofessions?Smoking,obesity(肥胖),highblood
pressure,___21___physicalactivity...Inanationalsurvey,61%oflong-distancetruckdrivershavetwoormore
'slikebecausefornearlyfouryears,Iwasatruck___23___myself.
Intrucking,it''sallyouhave
?TwomonthsafterIstarted,Ifoundmyfacewas___27___whenI
checkedoutmyreflectioninthemirror.
Onenight,
onthemachinewouldgivethe____30____ofanhour-
'—itwaslargeandcost$15,
upwithaworkoutplan—usingmyown____33____withoutanyequipment.
AnytimeIhadafew____34____,,I'
guys____35____me.