2021届中山市龙山中学高三英语下学期期末试题及参考答案.pdf

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2021届中山市龙山中学高三英语下学期期末试题及参考答案
第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
UniqueLighthouses
'sadaytocelebratethelightsthatguideushomeandthehistoric
importanceoflighthousesandtheirkeepers,whonotonlyguidedshipsintoharborbutalsoplayedkeyrolesin

onthebestplacestostaynearthem.
CapeByronLighthouse,ByronBay,Australia
TheCapeByronLighthouseinByronBay,Australiawasbuiltintheearly20thcenturytohelpprotectthe
,it',
aperfectplacetostayandgetsomemuch-neededrestandrelaxationfromdailylife.
LighthouseofChania,Crete,Greece
TheLighthouseofChania,Creteisoneoftheoldestsurvivinglighthousesintheworld,datingbacktothe
(码头)
thelighthouseisahotelfrom1890,whichoffersbeautifulviewsofthebay.
KeyWestLighthouse,KeyWest,Florida,USA

upthelighthousetoreachthewonderfulseaviewsandcanstayattheKimpton
LighthouseHotel,witheasyaccesstothelighthouseandtheErnestHemingwayHomeandMuseum.
PigeonPointLighthouse,Pescadero,California,USA
ThePigeonPointLighthouseinPescadero,Californiawasbuiltin1871tohelpshipsnavigate(导航)the
region',thelighthouseisastatelandmark,andthequarterswherethelighthouse
keeperslivedhavebeenturnedintoahostel,makingitagreathomebasetoexploretheoutdoors,spotwhales
andwatchthestars.
?
.
:.
.
.
,whichistheoldest?
.
.
?
.
.
.
.
B
MikahFrye,a9-year-oldboy,waswalkingdownthestreetswithhisgrandmotherdiscussingChristmasgifts

tohelpthehomelesstospendawarmChristmas.
ThatthoughtstayedinMikahFrye’smindandwhenhereachedhome,Mikahinformedhisparentsnottobuy
$300device,he

holidayseason.
Threeyearsago,
crisis,theytoohadlosttheirhouse,notknowingwheretheirnextmealwouldcomefromandsharingablanket

blanketeverymorning.
Reachingouttotheemergencyshelterprogrammethatlookedafterthem3yearsago,thefamilydonated60
blanketsintheend,eachwithapersonalizedmessageofhopeinMikah’shandwritingstating:“Theygavemea
blanket,’,Iliveinmyownhouse,and
,Mikah.”
ThehomelesspeopleatthesheltermaynothavebeenabletogiveMikahaChristmasgiftinreturnbuthis
gesturewasnotedbythebilliondollarcompanyMicrosoftwhomadesurethatMikahwasfooledintovisiting
theirstoresothatSantaClauscouldpersonallydeliveranXBoxfromthecompanytohimasarewardformaking
thetopof“Santa’slistofniceboys”:.
?
.
.
?
’education.
.
?
.
.
.
DMikahwroteathank-younotetotheemergencyshelterhelivedin.
?
’sPreciousChristmasGift
’sGivingWarmthonChristmas
’sList

C
Cuckoosdon’tbotherbuildingtheirownnests—theyjustlayeggsthatperfectlyimitatethoseofotherbirds
,evolvingsomeseriouslyimpressivetrickstospotthe
cuckooeggs.
Cuckoosareoftenknowasparasites,
detection,
birddoesn’tnoticethestrangeegginitsnest,thelittlecuckoowillactuallytaketheentirenestforitselfafterit
comesout,takingtheothereggsonitsbackanddroppingthemoutofthenest.
Toavoidthisunpleasantfatefortheiryoung,theotherbirdshaveevolvedafewsmartwaystospotthefakes,
whichwe’
colour-sensitivecellintheireyes,whichmakesthemfarmoresensitivetoultravioletwavelengthsandallows

mightbeexactlythesametooureyes.
Fascinatingly,we’reactuallyabletoobservedifferentbirdspeciesatverydifferentpointsintheir:.
,
blueeggsthesecuckooslayarepracticallyaliketothoseoftheredstarts,andyettheyarestillsometimesrejected.
,theircuckooinvaders

trick.
Biologistssuspectthesemoreeasilyfooledspecieslikethedunnocksareonthesameevolutionarypathas
theredstarts,’sremarkableis
thatthedunnocksfakesaresobadandtheredstartonessogood,andyetcuckoosarestillmoresuccessfulwith
theformerthanthelatter.
Itspeakstojusthowthoroughlyaspecies’behaviorcanbechangedbythepressuresofnaturalselection,or

birdsarewillingtotolerateaparasiteeverysooftenbecausetheydon’twanttoriskaccidentallygettingridofone
oftheirowneggs.
.


“parasite”inparagraph2mostprobablyreferto?
.
.
.
.
?
-blindandthereforecannotidentifyforeigneggsinthenest.
.
.
.
?
.
.
:.
’segg.
D
ScientistshaverecentlydiscoveredthatAndeancondors(秀鹫)—someoftheworld’slargestbirds——barely
,theyuserisingaircurrentstoremainintheairforhours.
TheAndeancondoristheworld’,when
spreadout,.
Soaringhighintheskyallowscondorstoeasilyspotpossiblemealsontheground.
Scientistsworkedtogethertostudytheflightpatternsofthesehugebirdsandhowmucheffortthebirdsuse
,theresearchersattachedspecialdeviceswhichcould
recordeverybeatoftheirwings.
Thescientistslearnedthatmostofthecondors’flapping—over75%—camewhenthebirdsweretakingoff.
Onceinthesky,,theyonlyflappedtheir
wingsfor1%,coveringnearly
117miles.
Soaringwithoutflappingisimportantbecausebirdsbumenergyeverytimetheyflaptheirwings.
Thebirds’soaringisn’,it
oftencreates“thermals”—
.
Whenbirdsareforcedtolandandtakeoffagainoften,
thattoavoidhavingtoland,thecondorsdidmostoftheirnon-take-offflappingwhentheywereclosertothe
groundandlookingforanewthermal.
Thescientistsreportedthateventhoughallofthecondorstheystudiedwereyoung,theyknewwellhowto
takeadvantageoftheaircurrents.
?
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.
.
?
:.
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.
?
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.
?
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’tneedtolookforthermalswhensoaringinthesky.
.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
Personaldevelopmentdoesn'-developmentrequireshardwork,devotionandan
ever-,whatnewskillsdoyouneedtopowerforward?
Onyourjourneytowardyourbestself,:Ifyourgoalsaretoohigh,
you'
beanovelist,don',oron
.
___18___Tokeepgoingwhentimesaretough,
walkshelpyoukeepyourheadonstraight,
Sundaysofftorechargeforthenextweek,it'smorethanacceptabletodoso.
'reanaturallymessy
person,,you'
isstressful,,onecleanspacecansetthetoneforthe
restofyourlife.
Ontheroadofpersonaldevelopment,you'
,
quietlytakeamentalhealthday.
:.
.
'texpecttowakeupthenextdaywithnewskills.
'tletpersonalchallengesstandinthewayofyourgrowth.
'swhyproblemsolvingisavitalskillforself-development.
'tneedtodisclosewhyyou'retakingasickday.
,andyou'llbecomesatisfiedwithyourprog