2020-2021学年太原市外国语学校高三英语下学期期末考试试题及答案.pdf

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案
第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Ifyouhadtheopportunitytoliveforever,wouldyoutakeit?Keepingyourbodyaliveindefinitelystillseems
likeanimpossibility,butsomescientiststhinkthatdigitaltechnologymayhavetheanswer:creatingadigitalcopy
ofyour“self”andkeepingit“alive”onlinelongafteryourphysicalbodyhasceasedtofunction.
Ineffect,—childrenthat
haveidenticalfeaturesastheirparents,butthatarecompletelyseparateorganismswithaseparatelife—your
?Thefirststepwouldbetomapthe
brain.
How?Oneplanreliesonthedevelopmentofnanotechnology(纳米技术).RayKurzweil—oneofthekingsof
artificialintelligence—predictsthatwithintwoorthreedecadeswewillhavenanotransmittersthatcanbeput
(毛细血管)ofthebrain,theywouldlineupalongsidetheneuronsand
detectthedetailsofthecerebral(大脑的)
receiverinsideaspecialhelmet,sotherewouldbenoneedforanywiresstickingoutofthehead.
Asafurtherstep,RayKurzweilalsoimaginesthenanotransmittersbeingabletoconnectyoutoaworldof
virtualrealityontheInternet,similartowhatwasshowninthefilm“Matrix”.Withthenanotransmittersinplace,
bythoughtalone,youcouldlogontotheInternetandinsteadofthepicturescominguponyourscreen,they
-mailsyouwouldagreetomeetuponsomevirtual
tropicalbeach.

nanobots(纳米机器人)anduploadyourbrainontotheInternetandliveforeverasavirtualsurfer?
Onesnag:toexistonthenetyouwillhavetohaveyourneuralnetworkparkedonthecomputerofa
web-
?
?
.
.
.
.
’sattitudetowardselectronicclones?
.
.
“howwillyoupay?”attheendofthearticle,because________.
’tpaytoexistontheInternetifyouarephysicallydead
’tpayforharddiscspaceifyoudon’thaveabankaccount
’tpayforaspecialserviceiftoomanypeoplewanttouseit
’tpaytheweb-hostingcompanyifyoudon’thaveaneuralnetwork
B
(方言)

speakwiththeirowntypicalaccent(口音)
;otherscamefromnon-English
.
,therewere
,Americantelevisionshowsandmusichavebeen
popularinAustraliasincethe1950s.
,for
example,isG’day!
,matemeans“friend”,anditisstillusedinBritain.
,many
ofwhicharenamesforanimals,plantsandplaces,likedingoandkangaroo.
,-iseistheexpectedand
,favourite,-ouristhenormal,butnounssuchastheLaborPartyand
VictorHarborarespelledwith-,ontheotherhand,ismorecommonthanprogramme.
Therearealsodifferencesinthedefinition(定义)ofwordsAustraliansuseindifferentpartsofthecountry.
Forexample,footballmeans“rugby”inNewSouthWalesandQueensland,but“Australianrulesfootball"in
,aswimmingcostumeiscalledacossieorswimmers,whilein
QueenslanditiscalledtogsandbathersinVictoria.
?
.
.
.
.
,whichofthefollowingisspokenonlybyAustralians?
.
?
.
.
.
.
?



DDifferentKindsofEnglishAcrosstheWorld
C
WhydoesHaitisotendtohavefatalearthquakes?EarthquakeshavebeencausinghugedamageinHaitisince

kind.
TheEarth’soutershellismadetipoftectonicplates(构造板块)
tectonicplaitsthatmakeuptheEarth’
otherandcreatefriction(摩擦力).
,manyofitsbuildingsaredesignedtoresisthurricanesbutnotearthquakes.

practicescanalsoplayarole.
“Ithinkit’simportanttorecognizethatthere’snosuchthingasanaturaldisaster,”saidWendyBohon,a
geologist.“
earthquakeslikethiscancausehugedamagebecauseofthefault,”saidWendy.“Andit’squiteasignificantriskin
placesthatdon’thavetheconstructionpracticestoresisttheshaking.”
Constructionofmoreearthquake-resistantbuildingsremainsachallengeinHaiti,whichisthepoorestnation
intheWesternHemisphere.“WhiletherehavebeensomesuccessstoriesofHaitiansbuildingmore
earthquake-resistantstructures,thecountryhaslackedacentralizedefforttodoso,”saidMarkSchuller,a
’sgovernmenthas
becomeincreasinglyweak,whilenon-governmentalorganizationsonlyfocusontheirownprojects.
“ThereistechnicalknowledgeinHaiti,’snotthe
problem,”Schullersaid.“Theproblemisalackoffundingforcoordination(协调),andlackofpoliticalwillfrom
donorstoorganizationsprovidingaid.”
?
.
.
“thefault”inparagraph4referto?
ALackingpoliticalwilltoprovideaid.
-resistant;buildings.
-resistantbuildings.
.
’sSchuller’sattitudetowardsHaiti’sgovernment?
.
.
?
.
.
D
JoseHernandezmadehisdreamofbecominganastronautarealityandhedidsodespiteunbelievable
difficulties
“IwasworkinginafieldnearStockton,andIheardonmyradiothatFranklinChang-Diazhadbeenselected
fortheAstronautCorps,"saidJose,whowasaseniorinhighschoolatthetimedwasalreadyinterestedinscience
andengineering,Joseremembered,"butthatwasthemomentIsaid,"Iwanttoflyinspace.'"
Asoneoffourchildreninamigrant(移民)farmingfamilyfromMexico,Jose-whodidn'tlearnEnglishuntil
hewas12yearsold-spentmuchofhischildhoodtravelingwithhisfamilyfromMexicotosouthernCalifornia
eachMarch,thenworkingnorthwardtotheStocktonareabyNovember,pickingstrawberriesandcucumbersat

spring."Somekidsmightthinkitwouldbefuntotravellikethat,“Joselaughed,"butwehadtowork”.
Aftergraduatingfromhighschool,JosewasadmittedintotheUniversityofthePacific,In1987,heaccepteda
full-,JosejoinedtheJohnsonSpaceCenter,wherehecame
face-to-facewithFranklinChang-Diaz.
“Weactuallyhadcommonexperiences—asimilarupbringing,
,hehadalreadyovercomethem.”Josesmiled."Nowit'smytum!,,
“NASArejectedmenotonce,nottwice,'tuntilthe12thtimethatIgot
selected,
butremainsadowntoEarthguy.
JoseHernandezreceivedthe2016NationalHispanicHeroAwardandhecontinueshislonghistoryinthefield
ofengineeringandspace.
?
.
-Diaz.
.
.
?
.
.
-Diazpersonally?
.
?


第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
UrbanWildlife
,alargenumberofspeciesshareoururban
,weneedtothinkaboutwhatitislikeforotherspeciestohavehumanneighbors.
,mostcityparksarekeptneatandtidysothathumans
,wedestroynaturalhabitats.
____17____WhenabridgeinAustin,Texaswasrepaired,engineersaddedsmallgapsrunningalongthelength
,andsoonthebridgewasthehomeof
,
attraction,andtheyeatlotsofbugseverynight.

,
,
Ifwelearntoshareourspace,
ownfuturewillbeendangeredtoo.
.
.
,morespecieswillbecomeextinct.
.
,wildlifecanmoveaboutfreely.
,peoplewereafraidofthebatsandtriedtogetridofthem.
.
第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
MattewShifrinhasbeenbuildingwithLegos(乐高积木)
turned13,hegota___21___birthdaypresentfromhisfriend,-pieceMiddleEasternLego


Braille(盲文)thatspelledouthowto___25___themalltogether.
,ShifrinhadneverbeforebeenabletocompleteaLego

says,''Forblindpeople,Legosetsactassmall3D___29___forreal-lifebuildingsinsteadoftwo-dimensional
.''Foryearsafter
thatincredibleLego____32____,hetogetherwithFinkelcreatedsimilarinstructionsforabout45otherLegosets,
all____33____onawebsitetheycreated,''LegofortheBlind.''
Shifrinbegan____34____theLegocompanyseveralyearsagotodiscussh