文档介绍：摘要
泊位资源是港口码头的稀缺资源。码头泊位利用率过高即表示港口泊位供不应求,港口面临船舶滞港的问题,港口作业压力增大,舶运运营商运输成本增加、货方发货或取货等待时间加长。泊位利用率过低则又会出现港口泊位无船靠泊进行作业,导致泊位资源闲置,港口经济效益过低的问题。因此,对集装箱码头泊位利用率的研究具有重要的理论意义与现实意义。
应对港口泊位利用率过高,港口的主要解决办法有两个:一是增加泊位建设投资,兴建新泊位;二是通过改进措施,提升泊位作业效率,保持泊位利用率合理化。港口兴建新泊位,会面临巨额投资压力,且新泊位建设周期长,不能产生立竿见影的效果。
本文着重研究如何提升码头泊位作业效率,使泊位利用率保持在合理范围内。以天津港集装箱码头泊位利用现状为例,通过研究分析泊位利用率计算公式,从改善码头泊位布局、码头机械系统、码头信息系统三方面着手,以定性与定量相结合方式进行分析,指出提高泊位作业效率的方法,建立单泊位与双泊位排队作业模型,运用EXCEL求解,指导泊位为靠港船舶进行作业服务。
提高泊位作业效率,保持港口码头泊位利用率合理化。这样既增加港口经济效益,又可以为船方与货主提供更为优质高效的服务,增加客户满意度,从而使港口码头得以持续发展,形成良性循环。本文的研究成果对于天津港集装箱码头泊位利用率合理化有着重要的参考价值。
关键词:天津港,集装箱码头,泊位利用率,单泊位系统,双泊位系统
Abstract
The berth resource is one kind of shortage resource in terminal. The overmuch Berth occupancy rate of terminal means the supply of berth cannot meet demands. The party of port will face the problem of shipping retention and the pressure of port’s operation will increase, which will add transportation cost of carrier and the increase time of delivery of goods. However, the low Berth occupancy rate means that there is not enough ship to call, as a result, not only is the berth resource in idle, but the economic revenue of port e low. Therefore, the research on Berth occupancy rate of container terminal will bring significant theoretical and practical meaning.
In order to face the overmuch Berth occupancy rate, there are two tools to solve those problems: the one is increasing investment on berth, to construct new berth. The second is promoting berth’s through capacity , keeping Berth occupancy rate within a reasonable range by various kinds of promotion methods. While constructing new berth will face huge investment pressure, and construction period of new berth is too long to bring immediate impact.
This dissertation focus on how to promote berth’s operation efficiency, to keep the Berth occupancy rate within a reasonable range. To elect the current situation of berth utilization in port of Tianjin as sample ,This paper will solve those problems in three asp