文档介绍：上海交通大学
硕士学位论文
对英语介词To的认知语义学研究
姓名:王伟
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:外国语言学及应用语言学
指导教师:汪开虎
20091201
摘要
本文试图从认知语义学的角度研究英语介词许多不同的意义。介词被普遍
认为具有多义性。本文在此基础上将莱考夫和约翰逊提出的概念隐喻作为理论
基础, 选择介词 To 作为研究对象,采用原则性多义模式作为理论模式。原则性
多义模式比以往研究语义的模式更全面。文中解释了介词 To 的部分语义。
本文中所有语料都来自美>>。原则性多义模式理
论为本研究提供了一个既系统全面又严谨的研究方案, 对语料中 To 的不同意义
进行了归类。文中解释了 To 的原型模式,中心意义以及其它一些不同意义。
本研究还涉及到人们怎样理解 To 的各种不同意义的问题。经过本文研究发
现,和 To 在句子情景中有关联的名词词组,动词或动词词组在对帮助人们理解
To 的各种不同意义过程中起到非常大的作用。此外,人们的生活经验和世界
观,也就是人们的百科知识,经验知识和推理知识都在人们理解意义的过程中
发挥作用。

关键词: 认知语义学,原则性多义模式,隐喻,意象图式,介词

iv
Abstract
This thesis is intended to study the varying senses of prepositions in English
from the angle of cognitive semantics. In line with the generally accepted assumption
that prepositions are polysemous, this study is based on the notion of conceptual
metaphor proposed by Lakoff and Johnson. The preposition to is chosen as the subject
of this study. A prehensive model of explaining word meaning, principled
polysemy, is adopted for this study. Some of the different senses which the
preposition, to, presents have been explained.
The data of this study are all from the well-known American ‘Friends’.
Principled polysemy offers a systematic prehensive, yet restricted scheme of
categorizing the different senses of to which manifest in the data of this study. This
study gives a detailed explanation of the proto-scene of to, the central sense as well as
other distinct senses of to. Examples are drawn to illustrate the different senses of to
respectively.
This study is also concerned with how people understand and interpret the
different senses of to. The elements associated with the preposition to in a sentential
context, especially noun phrase and verb or verb phrase, are found to play a crucial
role in the interpretation of the various senses of to. In addition, people’s life
experiences as well as the way they perceive the world, that is, their encyclope