文档介绍：生长发育Growth and Development
第二章
中南大学儿科学教研室
To understand the regular rule of growth,development & the affecting factors
To master the criteria of the growth & the development
PURPOSE
Regular Rule of
Growth & Development
a continuous process
unbalanced growth of each system
rules in
general
difference among individuals
upper to lower
proximal to distal
rough to fine
inferior to superior
simple plication
Affecting Factors of
Physical Growth
遗传因素 ic factors
环境因素 environmental factors
●营养 nutrition
●疾病 disease
●孕母情况 pregnancy
●生活环境 living environment
体重 Body Weight (BW)
Criterion of growth & nutrition condition
differ in speed of BW increase
the younger, the faster
first peak: newborn-1 year
second peak: adolescence
at birth boy (±)kg
girl(±)kg
-1 mon increased 1- kg
-3 mons increased to 6 kg
-1 year increased to 9 kg
BW(kg)=(age of mons + 9)/2
-2 years increased to 12 kg
2-6 years BW(kg)=age of yrs×2+8
7-12 years BW(kg)=(age of yrs×7-5)/2
身高(长) Body Height(BH)
Criterion of bone growth
The same regular rules as BW
at birth BH 50cm
1year BH 75cm
2years BH 85cm
2-12years BH(cm)=age of yrs×6+77
上部量 upper part 从头顶至耻骨联合上缘
下部量 lower part 从耻骨联合上缘至足底
<3yrs (crown-rump length)
Criterion of skull & spine growth
SH/BH at birth
14 years
下肢增长速度随年龄增长而加快
坐高 Sitting Height (SH)
指距 finger distance
Criterion of long bone growth of upper limb
Normal value: finger distance is scarcely less than BH