文档介绍：山西财经大学
硕士学位论文
社会保障制度对中国城乡收入差距影响及对策研究
姓名:严斌
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:统计学
指导教师:杭斌
2007-05-24
摘要
城镇和农村居民是构成中国社会的两大基本群体。改革开放以来,城乡居
民收入差距趋于扩大,过大的城乡收入差距已成为社会发展的障碍,影响社会
公正与稳定,不利于经济发展。由于长期以来中国社会保障主要面向城镇居民,
加上城乡生产环境不同,农业生产更容易受到自然环境影响,自然灾害无疑会
给农民带来巨大的经济损失,但是目前农业保险却又处于雏形状态。由此可知,
中国城乡收入差距的拉大与城乡社会保障差异有关。
中国社会保障主要包括社会救济、社会保险、社会福利等几种形式,长期
以来,社会保障重点面向城镇居民,具体表现在:社会救济方面,城镇最低生
活保障人数远远大于农村;社会保险方面,城镇居民享受医疗保险、养老保险、
失业保险、工伤保险、生育保险,而农村居民享受医疗保险、养老保险人数寥
寥无几,失业保险、工伤保险、生育保险更是空白;社会福利方面,城镇职工
享受职工福利,获得生活补贴和各种津贴,而农村居民不能享受这些福利待遇。
从这个角度来看,中国城乡社会保障差异在一定程度上会拉大城乡收入差距。
本文首先搜集与整理中国城乡社会保障方面的数据,通过具体的数据来分
析城乡社会保障差异,然后设计出反映城乡社会保障差异的指标体系,利用这
些指标建立合适的经济计量模型,从而来刻画社会保障制度对中国城乡收入差
距的影响程度,最后在此基础上提出相应的建议与对策。

【关键词】社会保障制度城乡收入差距对策研究面板数据
III
Abstract
Town and countryside resident are big fundamental group which
compose the society of China. Since reform and openness, rural-urban
e disparity has tended to expand. Too big rural-urban e
disparity has e the obstacle of social development, which has
affected society’s justice and stability. It doesn’t benefit economic growth.
Since Chinese social security is mainly to be geared to the needs of town
dwell for a long time, and productive environment is different between
urban and rural area, the natural environment is easier to affect
agriculture, natural calamity brings huge economic loss to peasant
beyond doubt. But agriculture insurance is in forming state at present.
According to this situation, we know that the rural-urban e
disparity’s expanse has great connection with social security which is
difference between urban and rural area.
Social security mainly includes social or, social insurance, social
welfare and so on. For a long time, social security has emphasized the
need of town dwell: in social or aspect, the number of people given
lowest cost-of-living in urban area is greater than rural area; in social
insurance aspect, town dwell enjoys medical insurance, pension
insurance, unemplo