文档介绍：Chapter three
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases
(COPD)
Chronic Bronchitis
Obstructive Pulmonary Emphysema
Definition of COPD
Including chronic bronchitis
and pulmonary emphysema
Chronic airflow limitation
progressing slowly
Partial reversibility
Abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious particles or gases
Classification of COPD by Severity
Stage 0 ( at risk)
Chronic cough and sputum production
Contact with harmful factors
FEV1/FVC > 70%
Stage I( mild)
FEV1/FVC < 70%
FEV1 ≥ 80 % predicted
usually, but not always, chronic cough and
sputum production
Classification of COPD by Severity
Stage II( moderate)
IIA : FEV1/FVC < 70%
50%≤ FEV1 < 80% predicted
IIB: FEV1/FVC < 70%
30%≤ FEV1 < 50% predicted
With or without symptom
Classification of COPD by Severity
Stage III( Severe)
FEV1/FVC < 70%
FEV1 ≤30 % predicted
or with respiratory failure or cardiac failure
bronchitis
(一) Definition
Chronic nonspecific inflammation in mucosa and its peripheral tissues of trachia and bronchus
(二)Etiology
Epidemical information
Pathological examination
Effects of giving up smoking
Animal experiment
(二)Etiology
infection
Virus
Bacteria
Mychoplasma
(二)Etiology
and chemical factors
Air pollution
Occupational contamination
Indoor and outdoor fumes
Cold weather
Variation of atmospheric temperature
(二)Etiology
and defensive disturbance
between sympathetic and
parasympathetic nerves systems
of Vit C and A