文档介绍:南京师范大学
硕士学位论文
双音节形容词状语后“地”的隐现及其习得研究
姓名:张玉洁
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:中国语言文学;语言学与应用语言学
指导教师:肖奚强
2009-04-25
中文摘要
中文摘要
状中结构中“地”字的隐现研究一直以来都没有受到足够的重视。本文对《汉
语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》甲、乙两级词汇中的 192 个常用形容词在充当状
语时 de 字的隐现情况进行了细致考察。本体研究部分,特征标注过的 250 万字
的本族人语料中的统计结果显示,%的状中结构不带 de,%的带 de。就
形容词自身而言,%的双音形容词作状语时不带 de,%带 de,%可
带可不带。结果显示,双音节形容词充当状语时 de 字的隐现和诸多因素存在密
切关系:形容词状语的结构、句法功能、形容词词义的指向性、动词的结构类
型、状中短语的节律等。本文还基于 150 万“汉语中介语偏误信息语料库”将外国
学生形容词状语后 de 的使用倾向与本族人进行了对比,显示外国人在使用 de
时有与本族人不同的倾向性。对偏误用例的分析显示,外国学生使用 de 字产生
的偏误用例随着级别的上升而增多,存在偏误最多的是 A-de-VP 结构中“地”与
“的、得”的误用,这涉及到对外汉语教学中一个重要的语法项目——“的、地、
得”三者的辨别;其次是外国学生使用偏正复合式时容易遗漏 de。因此本文提出
了一些教学建议:在“地”的定位上加入语义功能定义,对“地”字结构进行
分开教学。
关键词:“地”字隐现双音节形容词状语隐现偏误
1
ABSTRACT
Abstract
This thesis focuses on the emergence & ellipsis of “地” in Chinese adjectival
adverbial modifier, which I think, we did not pay enough attention to, as we should. The
basic structure of this determinant is: “Adjective (Phrase)-Verb (Phrase)” and
“Adjective (Phrase)-de-“Verb (Phrase)”.
Firstly, we make a detailed statistical investigation regarding the role of “地” in the
disyllable adjectival adverbial modifier, based on the Chinese corpus and
media-language corpus. The result shows that, for the adverbial modifier itself, %
disyllable adjectives does not take “地”and % take “地”. And for the disyllable
itself, % can not be followed by adverbial-maker “地” while they function as a
modifier; % must take “地” and % is random whether taking “地” or not.
We studied the mechanism of the emergence & ellipsis of “地” considering several
factors in Chinese language system, they are structure of adjectival, adverbial modifier,
different sentence functions; semantic point of the adjective itself and rhythm
conventionality of modifier structure. We also make parison between the results
derived from two different corpuses, discovering the tendentiousness which differs from
the Chinese when foreign lea