文档介绍:蕲山药多糖的提取工艺 紫山药的功效和作用
摘要:采取水提取法,经过单原因试验和L25正交试验,研究了提取温度、料液比、浓缩液和乙醇的体积比和pH值4个原因对多糖提取率的影响。结果表明,提取温度是影响蕲山药多糖提取率的最关键原因,所筛选出的蕲山药多糖提取的最优工艺条件为提取温度90℃,料液比1∶12,浓缩液和乙醇的体积比是1∶4,pH值7.0,此时,蕲山药多糖的提取率可达6.93%。
关键词:蕲山药;水溶性多糖;正交试验;提取工艺
中图分类号:S632.1 文件标识码:A文章编号:0439-811414-2933-03
Study on the Extraction Process of Polysaccharide from Dioscorea opposita “Qi”
LIU Hao,XIE Wen-qi,KANG Wei,ZHENG Jin
Abstract: The extraction technology of polysaccharide from Dioscoreae opposita “Qi” was studied based on traditional water isolation and alcohol precipitate. Single factor test and L25 orthogonaldesign was applied to study the effect of temperature, materiel to liquid ratio, dosage of ethanol and pH on the extraction rate. The analysis showed that the extraction temperature was the main factor and the optimum extracting conditions were materiel to liquid ratio, 1∶12; temperature, 90℃; pH=7.0; ratio of concentrated solution to ethanol, 1∶4. The extraction ratio reached up to 6.93% under these conditions.
Key words: Dioscorea opposita “Qi”; water-soluble polysaccharide; orthogonal test;extraction technology
山药又称薯蓣,是一个药食兼用的经济作物,在中国已经有2 000多年的种植历史[1]。多年来,伴随人民生活水平的日益提升,山药的药用价值倍受关注。据报道,多糖是山药的关键活性成份,其含有抗肿瘤、调整免疫、抗突变、抗衰老等药理作用[2]。动物试验表明,山药多糖有极显著提升小鼠免疫机能的效果,同时含有较强的清除羟自由基的能力和较强的抑制小鼠肝匀浆过氧化脂质产物形成的作用[3],在药品开发和临床应用上前景十分宽广[4,5]。
蕲山药是医圣李时珍故乡湖北省蕲春县大面积种植的优良地方山药种,关键分布在鄂东山区。蕲山药以其枝肥个大,肉质细腻,淀