文档介绍：河北大学
硕士学位论文
中美博士生资助比较研究
姓名:李海娜
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:比较教育学
指导教师:李素琴;薛国凤
20100501
摘要
摘要
经过近 30 年的发展,中国的博士生教育经历了萌芽与中断阶段、真正起步阶段、
飞速发展阶段和研究生培养机制改革阶段。20 世纪 80 年代是中国博士生经济待遇最优
厚的时期,但随着经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高,博士生的经济待遇却越来越差。
静态的普通奖学金形式渐渐地与博士生教育相背离,这也是中国研究生培养机制改革的
重要原因。中国改革试点院校的博士生资助方式将成为未来博士生资助的发展趋势,其
博士生资助经费来源日益多源化,资助类型日益多样化。试点院校的资助方式基本上能
解决博士生的经济问题,但是未改革试点院校的博士生资助状况却不太理想。
美国 150 多年的博士生教育经历了起步、发展、繁荣、停滞与恢复阶段和调整改革
阶段,形成了比较完备的博士生资助体系。美国的联邦机构、地方政府、高校内部、社
会、企业及个人都极力支持博士生教育,给予各种各样的资助。博士生资助类型有各种
奖学金、助学金、多样贷款和捐赠等。
虽然中国博士生教育起步较晚,但是博士生资助已经比较齐全;美国博士生教育时
间较长,资助类型多样化。中美博士生资助都有自身的一些优缺点,我国可以借鉴美国
的相关经验,来完善博士生资助体系。

关键词中国美国博士生资助
I
Abstract
Abstract
After nearly 30 years of development,Doctoral education in China has experienced with
the interruption of embryonic stage, the real start stages, the rapid development stage and
post-graduate training institutional reform stage. In 80s of the twentieth century, doctoral
students had the most generous economic treatment in China. 80s of the twentieth century,
doctoral student had the most generous economic treatment in China. With China's economic
development and Improve of people's living standards, Doctor students’ economy treatment
getting worse and worse. mon form of scholarships gradually deviate from doctoral
education, this is why our country start the training institutional reform of graduate student.
Since the reform of postgraduate training system, doctoral students’ financial assistance form
of experimental Universities will be the future of doctoral financial assistance trend. doctoral
students’ financial assistance forms of experimental Universities include variety of
scholarships, grants and doctoral special funds, National student loan is an important form of
doctoral financial assistance. financial assistance forms of experimental universities can
basically solve the economic problems of doctoral students, but no reformed universities’
doctoral financial assistance situation is