文档介绍：第一节准确选择词义
一、根据词类确定词义
以right一词以例。它有以下几种词类:
形容词:正确的、对的、恰当的、正常的,等
副词:直接地、顺利地、公正地,等
名词:正确、公正、正义,等
动词:扶直、整理、纠正、为……申冤,等
1. And not only has won, but because it has won, has been in the right. (side)(形容词)
2. For that is what going to war means, it means saying that might is right. (名词)
3. She tried her best to right her husband from the charge of robbery. (动词)
4. You are quite right to refuse.(形容词)
5. All came right in the end.(副词)
试译下列句子,注意词类的选择:
1. With over billion people, a united, prosperous China will dwarf her Asian neighbors. (n-v)
2. The union had very little say in the new pay agreement. (v-n)
3. The pole-vaulter bettered the world record by six inches. (adj-v)
二、根据语境确定词义
(一)上下文(verbal context)
1. We hope Mr. White will not forget himself, gone are the days when a representative of a large country in UN. may do whatever he likes.
(说话人对句中人物的态度是贬意的,语气是警告的语气。)
2. We hope that our most respected Secretary General will not forget himself, his poor health is known to everybody.
(说话人对句中人物的态度是褒意的,语气是关怀规劝的。)
(二)地点(place)
1. The boy is drawing a cart.
如果在画室里说些话,应译为:
如果是在街道上说这句话,就应译为:
2. It’s time to go aboard.
在车站指“”,在机场则指“”,在码头上说这句话则是“”。
(三)时间(time)
His daughter went to London last autumn.
last在英语中是“刚刚过去的、上一个”的意思。
说话时间如果是冬天,应译为
说话时间如果是春季或夏季,则应译
(四)话题(topic)
“信使”,在遗传工程学中变成了“一种传递信息的化学物质”。
“运送者, 邮递员”,而医学中成为“带菌体”,带上了鲜明的生物学