文档介绍：第一讲翻译原则简介
一、教学目的:了解基本的翻译原则和翻译研究的问题
二、教学过程:
:(Definition and Connotation)
Translation is an art/ science/craft?
中国几位翻译家的理论(influential translation principles):
严复:信达雅--- faithfulness/expressiveness/elegance. The “three character guide” is regarded as a plumb-line of long standing to measure the professional level of translating.
傅雷:神似---spiritual conformity. Emphasizing the reproduction of the spirit of the flavor of the 。
钱钟书:化境---sublimed adaptation. Focus on the translator’s smooth and idiomatic Chinese version for the sake of the Chinese reader.
刘重德:信、达、切---faithfulness/expressiveness/closeness.
:
鲁迅:宁信而不顺---rather to be faithful than smooth。目的:引入英文句式的表达法
梁实秋、赵景深:宁顺而不信---rather to be smooth than faithful 目的:可读性强,便于交流。
:
直译---literal translation 意译:free translation
直译的例子:crocodile tears鳄鱼的眼泪; armed to the teeth武装到牙齿; chain reaction连锁反应; gentlemen’s agreement君子协定; one country, two systems 一国两制;
The three religions and the nine schools of thought 三教九流; paper tiger 纸老虎; Breath one’s last---断气; go to one’s external rest---安息; the long sleep---长眠; see Marx 见马克思;
Go west 上西天; go to heaven 上天堂; blow out the candles 吹灯拔蜡
kick the bucket 蹬腿: You can kick everything but you can not kick the bucket
直译不等于死译(dead translation):
街道妇女应动员起来打扫卫生:Women in the street should be called on to do some cleaning.
“In the street” should be replaced by “in munity”.
她一大早起床,进城,见到了她的公爹:She got up early, went to the town and saw her public father. Public father should be father in law.
意译的例子:It rains cats and dogs / at sixes and sevens /Adam’s apple
句子比较:Little fish does not eat big fish
直译:小鱼不吃大鱼意译:胳膊拧不过大腿
试译:天有不测风云,人有旦夕祸福:
直译:Storms gather without warning in nature and bad luck befalls men overnight.
意译:The weather and human life are both unpredictable
有人说,翻译是带着镣铐跳舞(translation is like dancing in fetters);还有人说,翻译像女人,忠实的不漂亮,漂亮的不忠实。实际上,忠实与通顺的关系是辩证关系。
(domestication/adaptation or foreignization / alienation)
归化的