文档介绍：考研英语翻译模拟试题及答案 (一)
Directions:
Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined segments t the ages.
Aristotle and Plato in ancient Greece wrote about problems of wealth, property, and trade, both of whom were prejudiced against commerce, feeling that to live by trade was undesirable. The Romans borrowed their economic ideas from the Greeks and showed the same contempt for trade.
During the Middle Ages the economic ideas of the Roman Catholic church were expressed in the law of the church, which condemned the taking of interest for money loaned and regarded commerce as inferior to agriculture.
Economics as a subject of modern study, distinguishable from moral philosophy and politics, dates from the work, Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776), by the Scottish philosopher and
economist Adam Smith. Mercantilism and physiocracy were precursors
of the classical economics of Smith and his 19th-century successors.
答案
：心理学和伦理学试图解
释目标是如何形成的，历史记录着人们所追求的目标的变化，社会学
那么从社会环境的角度来解释人们的行为。
，价格理论或微观经济学，解释在竞争的市场中供
需间的相互作用是怎样导致了大量的个别价格、工资率、利润空间和
租金的变化。
，按照凯恩斯的理论，不充分的总体需求会增加失业，建
议的解决方式是企业扩大投资或政府增加开支，继而增加预算赤字。
、财产和贸易
问题，两人都对商业持有偏见，认为靠生意来谋生是缺乏取的。
，罗马天主教会的经济学思想表达在其教法中，教法
谴责从借贷中获利的行为，并认为商业