文档介绍：Graduate Texts in Mathematics 232
Editorial Board
S. Axler . Ribet
Graham Everest
Thomas Ward
An Introduction to
Number Theory
With 16 Figures
Graham Everest, BSc, PhD Thomas Ward, BSc, MSc, PhD
School of Mathematics School of Mathematics
University of East Anglia University of East Anglia
Norwich Norwich
NR4 7TJ NR4 7TJ
UK UK
Editorial Board
S. Axler . Ribet
Mathematics Department Department of Mathematics
San Francisco State University University of California, Berkeley
San Francisco, CA 94132 Berkeley, CA 94720-3840
USA USA
Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 11Y05/11/16/55
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Everest, Graham, 1957–
An introduction to number theory. —(Graduate texts in
mathematics ; 232)
1. Number theory
I. Title II. Ward, Thomas, 1963–
ISBN 1852339179
Library of Congress Control Number: 2005923447
Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as
permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced,
stored on transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publish-
ers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the
Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to
the publishers.
Graduate Texts in Mathematics series ISSN 0072-5285
ISBN-10: 1-85233-917-9
ISBN-13: 978-1-85233-917-3
Springer Science+Business Media
© Springer-Verlag London Limited 2005
The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence
of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant laws and regulations and therefore
free for general use.
The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the informa-
tion contained in this book and cannot accept any leg